Learn how to form the future tense in Russian sentences
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gina: Hello everyone and welcome to RussianPod101.com. This is the Upper Beginner Series, Season 1, Lesson 22, A Turning Point in Russia. I’m Gina. |
| Svetlana: And I’m Svetlana. |
| Gina: In this lesson you’re going to learn how to form sentences in future tense and we’ll also listen to what motivates Elena to change to her new lifestyle. |
| Svetlana: The conversation is between Elena and her husband, and it takes place in their home. |
| Gina: The speakers are a married couple, so they’ll be using informal Russian. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Elena: Ну всё, переходим на правильное питание, регулярные занятия спортом и активный отдых. С этого дня никаких макарон, белого хлеба и жаренной картошки каждый день. |
| Husband: Ты меня последней радости лишаешь. |
| Elena: Не преувеличивай. Потом сам меня будешь благодарить. Завтра идем в спортзал. Только чур не заглядываться на девушек. |
| Husband: Ну что ты! Я кроме тебя никого не вижу. |
| Elena: Nu vsyo, perekhodim na pravil'noye pitaniye, regulyarnyye zanyatiya sportom i aktivnyy otdykh. S etogo dnya nikakikh makaron, belogo khleba i zharennoy kartoshki kazhdyy den'. |
| Husband: Ty menya posledney radosti lishayesh'. |
| Elena: Ne preuvelichivay. Potom sam menya budesh' blagodarit'. Zavtra idem v sportzal. Tol'ko chur ne zaglyadyvat'sya na devushek. |
| Husband: Nu chto ty! Ya krome tebya nikogo ne vizhu. |
| Elena: Okay, we'll be switching to healthy eating, regular sport activities and active holidays. There will be no daily pasta, white bread or fried potatoes starting from today. |
| Husband: You're taking all the joy from me. |
| Elena: Don't exaggerate. You'll thank me later. Tomorrow we will go to the gym. But promise you won't stare at other girls. |
| Husband: What are you talking about? I don't see anybody but you. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Gina: So Elena and her husband finally decided to change their lifestyle. Elena did a good job convincing her husband. It seems like it was quite easy for her. Are all Russian men that compliant? |
| Svetlana: If they want to please their wives, yes. They can be very good at showing their affection, being romantic like real gentlemen. |
| Gina: I see. It just dawned on me that we know very little about Russian men. There are stereotypes of course, like the heavy vodka drinkers, the strong and always gloomy big man with an austere look, or the Russian mafia member. |
| Svetlana: Haha, of course there are some drinkers and bad guys in Russia but it’s not everybody. Actually, we all have completely different values. From childhood, parents constantly emphasize the main role of the man as the one who protects his family and the country. |
| Gina: So they have to be strong? |
| Svetlana: Yes, because women expect them to be. We even have a saying как за каменной стеной which means "as if behind the stone wall,'' which perfectly describes the main role of all men in Russia. |
| Gina: I see, interesting! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Gina: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is... |
| Svetlana: переходить [natural native speed] |
| Gina: to shift |
| Svetlana: переходить [slowly - broken down by syllable] переходить [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Svetlana: регулярный [natural native speed] |
| Gina: regular |
| Svetlana: регулярный [slowly - broken down by syllable] регулярный [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Svetlana: никаких [natural native speed] |
| Gina: no |
| Svetlana: никаких [slowly - broken down by syllable] никаких [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Svetlana: радость [natural native speed] |
| Gina: joy, happiness |
| Svetlana: радость [slowly - broken down by syllable] радость [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Svetlana: лишать [natural native speed] |
| Gina: to deprive |
| Svetlana: лишать [slowly - broken down by syllable] лишать [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Svetlana: преувеличивать [natural native speed] |
| Gina: to exaggerate |
| Svetlana: преувеличивать [slowly - broken down by syllable] преувеличивать [natural native speed] |
| Gina: Next |
| Svetlana: благодарить [natural native speed] |
| Gina: to thank |
| Svetlana: благодарить [slowly - broken down by syllable] благодарить [natural native speed] |
| Gina: And last... |
| Svetlana: кроме [natural native speed] |
| Gina: besides |
| Svetlana: кроме [slowly - broken down by syllable] кроме [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Gina: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Svetlana: The first keyword is the verb переходить |
| Gina: “to shift”, “to switch to”, or “to change to something”. |
| Svetlana: This verb consists of the prefix пере that means “change” or “transition” and then a stem -ход- which means “motion” or “movement”. |
| Gina: So it does imply “a shift”? |
| Svetlana: Yes! It’s derived from the verb ходить which means “to go on foot”. And there we see movement again. |
| Gina: Svetlana, can you remind us which sentence it was used in? |
| Svetlana: Sure. Ну всё, переходим на правильное питание, регулярные занятия спортом и активный отдых. |
| Gina: “Okay, we’ll be switching to healthy eating, regular sport activities and active holidays.” |
| Svetlana: Here is another example. |
| Игрок этой сборной перешёл в другую команду. |
| Gina: “A player of this team went” or “changed to the other sports team.” Okay, what’s the next word? |
| Svetlana: The next keyword is the interjection чур, which is really hard to translate into English. |
| Gina: Hmm...can you give us an example from the dialogue? |
| Svetlana: Только чур не заглядываться на девушек. |
| Gina: “But promise you won’t stare at other girls.” |
| The etymology of this word goes back to ancient times. It was a name of one of the gods, the God of Agriculture. He protected the land and its borders, so the land was sacred and untouched. |
| Svetlana: Right! So the word чур implies an untouchability of an opinion or statement, or to be more accurate, something that cant be disputed. Let me give you an example. Только чур никому не говорить! |
| Gina: “Don’t you tell anybody!” Okay what’s the last word for this lesson? |
| Svetlana: The last keyword for this lesson is the verb преувеличивать. |
| Gina: “to exaggerate” |
| Svetlana: The prefix пре- adds “going over or beyond something” to the meaning, and the stem -велиx- means “great” or “big”. There’s the adjective великий, which means exactly the same as the stem of our keyword; “great”, “big” ,or “grand”. For example, Великие открытия приходятся на 20 век |
| Gina: “Many great discoveries happened in 20th century.” |
| Our key word literally means “to exaggerate” or “to overstate”. It’s mostly used in its figurative meaning, “to give things bigger sense or more importance,” rather than its literal meaning “to enlarge in size.” |
| For example, |
| Svetlana: У него привычка преувеличивать события. |
| Gina: “He has a habit of exaggerating facts.” Note that the noun that comes after this verb should be put in the accusative case. Okay now it’s time to move onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Gina: In this lesson, we’re going to learn how to form Russian sentences in future tense. There are two ways to do so-compound and simple. |
| Svetlana: That’s right. |
| Gina: In order to form a sentence in compound future form the verb “to be” needs to be in the future tense. |
| Svetlana: So the verb “to be” in Russian is быть. Remember, we need to conjugate the verb “to be” to a noun it is used with. |
| Gina: Let’s see how it should be conjugated. We’ll give you a personal pronoun and the verb “to be” in future form. Here we go. |
| Svetlana: Я буду |
| Gina: “I will be” |
| Svetlana: Ты будешь |
| Gina: “you” singular “will be” |
| Svetlana: Вы будете |
| Gina: “you” plural “will be” |
| Svetlana: Он, Она, Оно будет |
| Gina: “he”, “she”, or “it will be” |
| Svetlana: Мы будем |
| Gina: “we will be” |
| Svetlana: and finally Они будут |
| Gina: “they will be” |
| Svetlana: For example |
| Они будут украшать новогоднюю елку завтра. |
| Gina: “They will decorate the new year’s tree tomorrow.” |
| The verb that comes after the verb “to be” should be put in the infinitive form. |
| Svetlana: In our dialogue, we used a compound sentence in future tense. Do you remember? Let me remind you. Потом сам меня будешь благодарить. |
| Gina: “You’ll thank me later.” |
| Okay! The other way to build a sentence in future form is to use the perfective form of the verb. It should denote that the action marked by the verb will happen after the moment of speaking. |
| Svetlana: For example |
| Если ты покажешь эту игрушку своему брату, он тоже захочет такую же. |
| Gina: “If you show this toy to your brother, he’ll want the same one.” |
| Svetlana: The verb покажешь, “to show”, is a perfective verb. |
| Gina: Okay, don’t forget to check the lesson notes for more examples and explanations. |
Outro |
|---|
| Gina: That’s it for this lesson, everyone! See you next time. |
| Svetlana: Пока пока. |
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