Learn about the prepositions governing the dative case
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, season 2, lesson 9 - Let's take part in sports in Russia. I’m Yuriy. |
| Elena: С вами сегодня Елена. Всем привет. |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you'll learn about the prepositions governing the Dative case. |
| Elena: The conversation takes place in the office. |
| Yuriy: The speakers are co-workers, so they’ll be using informal Russian. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Наталья: Бен, ты уже слышал новость? С нового года всем сотрудникам повышают зарплату! |
| Бен: Неужели? Это сто процентов благодаря начальнику отдела кадров. |
| Наталья: Точно! И вопреки мнению финансового директора, хотя он и играет первую скрипку в финансовых вопросах. |
| Бен: Кстати, ты спешишь? Может, выпьем по чашке кофе? |
| Наталья: Извини, не могу. У меня времени в обрез. Я спешу к подруге. Мы по средам ходим в бассейн. Я и так уже опаздываю. |
| Бен: Ладно, приятного вечера. |
| Наталья: Спасибо. |
| Yuriy: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Наталья: Бен, ты уже слышал новость? С нового года всем сотрудникам повышают зарплату! |
| Yuriy: Ben, have you heard the news? They'll increase salary for all workers from the New Year! |
| Бен: Неужели? Это сто процентов благодаря начальнику отдела кадров. |
| Yuriy: Really? One hundred percent this is thanks to the chief of the HR department. |
| Наталья: Точно! И вопреки мнению финансового директора, хотя он и играет первую скрипку в финансовых вопросах. |
| Yuriy: Exactly! And contrary to the financial director's opinion, even though he plays the leading role in financial matters. |
| Бен: Кстати, ты спешишь? Может, выпьем по чашке кофе? |
| Yuriy: By the way, are you in a hurry? Maybe we could drink a cup of coffee? |
| Наталья: Извини, не могу. У меня времени в обрез. Я спешу к подруге. Мы по средам ходим в бассейн. Я и так уже опаздываю. |
| Yuriy: Sorry, I can't. I have no time to spare. I'm hurrying to meet my friend. We go to the pool on Wednesdays. Actually I'm already late. |
| Бен: Ладно, приятного вечера. |
| Yuriy: Ok, have a nice evening. |
| Наталья: Спасибо. |
| Yuriy: Thank you. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuriy: So Natalia was going to the pool in our dialogue. Elena, do Russians like to participate in sports? |
| Elena: Of course! And nowadays, more and more people in Russia are trying to participate in sports regularly. |
| Yuriy: What are the most popular sports in Russia? |
| Elena: For men it's football and hockey, of course. In summer, seeing children play football in the yard or some stadium is quite common. But these days, martial arts such as judo and karate have also become very popular among boys. |
| Yuriy: And what about the girls? |
| Elena: Women prefer dance classes and swimming pools. But that doesn't mean that you can't meet a nice girl in a gym. Everything depends on the person. |
| Yuriy By the way, in Japan I saw men dancing in step-aerobics class on equal ground with Japanese ladies. |
| Elena In Russia, it would be very unusual to see this! Step-aerobics, fitness, and even some dance classes such as contemporary, ballet, and latin dance are attended almost only by women. |
| Yuriy: Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Yuriy: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Elena: в обрез [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: just barely enough |
| Elena: в обрез [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: в обрез [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: новость [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: news |
| Elena: новость [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: новость [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: повышать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to increase, to raise |
| Elena: повышать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: повышать [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: зарплата [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: pay, salary |
| Elena: зарплата [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: зарплата [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: отдел кадров [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: HR department |
| Elena: отдел кадров [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: отдел кадров [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: мнение [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: opinion |
| Elena: мнение [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: мнение [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: финансовый директор [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: financial director |
| Elena: финансовый директор [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: финансовый директор [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: спешить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to hurry |
| Elena: спешить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: спешить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: опаздывать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to be late, to be behind schedule |
| Elena: опаздывать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: опаздывать [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Elena: играть первую скрипку [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to play the leading role |
| Elena: играть первую скрипку [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: играть первую скрипку [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yuriy: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What’s the first? |
| Elena: The first key phrase for this lesson is an expression, “играть первую скрипку” |
| Yuriy: “to play the leading role”. Let’s break this phrase down. |
| Elena: The verb “играть” means “to play” and the numeral “первую” means “first”, then the noun “скрипку” means “fiddle” or “violin”. |
| Yuriy: So, the phrase literally means “to play first fiddle or violin”. This idiomatic expression means "to be a leader," or to be the most influential person in some project or some situation. For example... |
| Elena: Он играет первую скрипку в формировании бюджетной политики страны. |
| Yuriy: "He plays the leading role in the formation of fiscal policy of a country." Okay! What's the next key vocab for this lesson? |
| Elena: “в обрез”, which can be translated as “just barely enough”. |
| Yuriy: The meaning of this expression is “very little, no more than necessary, exactly as much as we need, but no more”. You can use this expression when talking about time or money, but sometimes also about other things. For example... |
| Elena: -Person A: Нам пора выходить? |
| Person B: Да, поезд отправляется через 40 минут, времени у нас в обрез. |
| Yuriy: Person A: We have to go out? |
| Person B: Yes, the train is leaving in 40 minutes, we have no time to spare. |
| Elena: Another example is Мы с мужем живём на одну пенсию, денег у нас в обрез. |
| Yuriy: "My husband and I live on a pension, we have just barely enough money." Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the main prepositions governing the Dative case. Let’s start with the main preposition “k”, which can be translated as “to” or “by”. |
| Elena: The preposition “к” is used with the verbs of motion to indicate a subject or a place towards which the movement is directed. |
| Yuriy: It's also used with the verbs of motion to indicate a person who is a destination of our movement. For example... |
| Elena: Лодка плывёт к берегу. |
| Yuriy: "The boat is moving towards the shore." |
| Elena: Завтра моя сестра пойдёт к врачу. |
| Yuriy: "Tomorrow my sister will go to the doctor’s." |
| Elena: Мы подъехали к дому. |
| Yuriy: "We drove up to the house." You also use the preposition “к” after words indicating feelings or attitudes towards something or someone. You often use it after such words as... |
| Elena: интерес |
| Yuriy: "interest" |
| Elena: любовь |
| Yuriy: "love" |
| Elena: ненависть |
| Yuriy: "hate," |
| Elena: уважение |
| Yuriy: "respect." For example... |
| Elena: У него с раннего детства большой интерес к живописи. |
| Yuriy: "From early childhood, he had a strong interest in painting." |
| Elena: У него слабость к красивым женщинам. |
| Yuriy: "He has a weakness for beautiful women." |
| Elena: В молодом поколении нужно воспитывать любовь к Родине. |
| Yuriy: "The love of the Motherland should be brought up in young generations." The preposition “к” is used to indicate that some action will be performed or some event will occur by a certain point in time. It's translated into English as "by." For example. |
| Elena: Я вернусь домой к часу. |
| Yuriy: "I will return home by 1 o’clock." |
| Elena: Мне нужно закончить эту работу к пятнице. |
| Yuriy: "I need to finish this job by Friday." The next |
| preposition for this lesson is... |
| Elena: “по”, which has a lot of meanings and many translations in English. |
| Yuriy: We use the preposition “по” to indicate certain periods of time when an action recurs. For example... |
| Elena: Я посещаю курсы русского языка по вторникам. |
| Yuriy: "I attend Russian language courses on Tuesdays." This means that the courses are usually every Tuesday, as scheduled. |
| Elena: Мой отец работает по вечерам. |
| Yuriy: "My father works in the evenings." The preposition “по” can also be used with the Dative case to indicate a motion on a surface. In English, it can be translated as “down” or “along”. For example... |
| Elena: Мы шли по проспекту Победы. |
| Yuriy: "We were walking down Victory Avenue." |
| Elena: Я иду по дороге. |
| Yuriy: "I'm walking down the road." |
Outro |
| Yuriy: Okay, and that brings us to the end of this lesson! Listeners, there are more rules about the prepositions governing the Dative case in the Lesson notes. Please check them out. |
| Elena: Спасибо что слушаете нас. |
| Yuriy: See you in the next lesson. Bye! |
| Elena: Пока-пока. |
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