Learn about plural nouns and adjectives in the dative case
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, season 2, lesson 8 - Where in Russia Are You Going to Spend your May Holidays? I’m Yuriy. |
| Elena: С вами Елена. Всем привет. |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you'll learn about plural nouns and adjectives in the Dative case. |
| Elena: The conversation takes place in the park. |
| Yuriy: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Russian. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
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| Бен: Ника, ты где планируешь провести майские праздники? |
| Ника: Ну, мы с Мишей хотим поехать погостить к своим друзьям. У них дача находится прям около речки, к тому же рядом есть лес. Заодно устроим шашлыки. А ты? |
| Бен: Я еще не решил. Может поеду к друзьям в Судак. Я там уже был и мне очень понравилась древняя крепость. Плюс там очень чистое море и целебный воздух. |
| Ника: Да, Крым славится своими лечебными санаториями и пансионатами. Я думаю ты не пожалеешь. |
| Бен: Тебе тоже хорошо отдохнуть. |
| Ника: Да, главное, чтоб комары не испортили отдых. |
| Yuriy: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Бен: Ника, ты где планируешь провести майские праздники? |
| Yuriy: Nika, where are you planning to spend the holidays in May? |
| Ника: Ну, мы с Мишей хотим поехать погостить к своим друзьям. У них дача находится прям около речки, к тому же рядом есть лес. Заодно устроим шашлыки. А ты? |
| Yuriy: Well, Misha and I want to go visit our friends. Their dacha is located right near the river, and there is also a forest nearby. We'll arrange barbecues too. And you? |
| Бен: Я еще не решил. Может поеду к друзьям в Судак. Я там уже был и мне очень понравилась древняя крепость. Плюс там очень чистое море и целебный воздух. |
| Yuriy: I haven't decided yet. Maybe I'll go visit my friends in Sudak. I've already been there and I loved the ancient fortress very much. Plus there's a very clean sea and healing air. |
| Ника: Да, Крым славится своими лечебными санаториями и пансионатами. Я думаю ты не пожалеешь. |
| Yuriy: Yes, Crimea is famous for its health resorts and recreation houses. I think you will not regret it. |
| Бен: Тебе тоже хорошо отдохнуть. |
| Yuriy: Have a good rest too. |
| Ника: Да, главное, чтоб комары не испортили отдых. |
| Yuriy: Yes, the main thing is for mosquitoes to not spoil the holiday. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuriy: Elena, what are May holidays? |
| Elena: Russians love May holidays very much. May holidays include 2 sequential days off - The Spring and Labour Day, celebrated on the 1st of May, and Victory Day, celebrated on the 9th of May. Usually, the Russian government makes the working days between these holidays days off. |
| Yuriy: So it means that people can have extra time off to rest? |
| Elena: Well, it depends on the calendar each year. Sometimes we have 1 week of holidays. Many people take paid holidays to make it longer so they can go on a trip either within Russia or abroad. |
| Yuriy: I’ve heard many Russians prefer to spend their time off at dacha. |
| Elena: That's true. Many start the so-called dacha-season during this holiday. |
| Yuriy: Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Yuriy: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Elena: устроить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to arrange |
| Elena: устроить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: устроить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: погостить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to make a stay, to be on a visit |
| Elena: погостить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: погостить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: комар [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: mosquito |
| Elena: комар [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: комар [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: испортить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to spoil, to ruin |
| Elena: испортить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: испортить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: санаторий [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: health resort |
| Elena: санаторий [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: санаторий [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: лечебный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: medical, therapeutic |
| Elena: лечебный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: лечебный [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: целебный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: healing |
| Elena: целебный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: целебный [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: пожалеть [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to take pity, to regret |
| Elena: пожалеть [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: пожалеть [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: крепость [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: fortress |
| Elena: крепость [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: крепость [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Elena: древний [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: ancient |
| Elena: древний [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: древний [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yuriy: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase in this lesson is… |
| Elena: ...the verb “погостить” |
| Yuriy: which can be translated as literally “to make a stay” or “to be on a visit”. |
| Elena: The verb “погостить” is derived from the noun “гость”, meaning “guest”. The prefix “по-” indicates that an action will be lasting for some period of time, often a short period of time. So, “погостить” means “to become a guest for a short period of time, to live for a while as a guest at someone's house”. |
| Yuriy: Can you give us an example in a sentence? |
| Elena: В ноябре ко мне приедет погостить подружка из Украины. |
| Yuriy: “In November, my friend from Ukraine will come to stay for a while.” |
| Elena: Я решил погостить у своих родственников на летних каникулах. |
| Yuriy: “I decided to stay with my relatives on summer vacations.” Ok, what's the next key word? |
| Elena: The next words for this lesson are “санаторий” and “пансионат”, which can be translated as “health resort” and “recreation house”. |
| Yuriy: Listeners, “Санаторий” is a healthcare facility. The main difference from other medical institutions is that in “санаторий” you not only pay attention to your health, but also to resting. The treatment of disease is made with the help of healing mud, for example, or a special kind of mineral water. |
| Elena: And “Пансионат” is a recreation house where one can rest with their family, and medical services are limited and require additional payment. |
| Yuriy: For more examples and explanations please check the lesson notes. Okay, now on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the formation of plural nouns and adjectives in the Dative case. |
| Elena: Plural nouns put in the Dative case can have the following endings - [-ам], [-ям], [-иям], and [-ьям]. The ending [-ам] has masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns which in Nominative case singular form have the following endings... |
| Yuriy: Masculine nouns with a stem ending in a [consonant] and [-а]; |
| Feminine nouns ending in [-а]; |
| Neuter nouns ending in [-o]. |
| Elena: Let’s take the noun “стол” meaning "table." This is a masculine noun ending in a consonant. All we need to do is to add the ending [-ам], so стол becomes столам. |
| Yuriy: Some more examples please? |
| Elena: Sure! поруга meaning "friend," which is feminine noun, will be подругам. So we replaced the ending [а] with [-ам]. |
| Yuriy: The ending [-ям] has masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns which in Nominative case singular form have the following endings... |
| Elena: Masculine nouns ending in [-ь], [-й], [-я]; |
| Feminine nouns ending in [-я], [-ь]; |
| Neuter nouns ending in [-e]. |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: ночь meaning "night," will be ночам. Море meaning "sea" will become морям, and рубль, meaning "ruble," will become рублям. |
| Yuriy: Great! The ending [-иям] has masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns which in Nominative case singular form have the following endings... |
| Elena: Masculine nouns ending in [-ий]; |
| Feminine nouns ending in [-ия]; |
| Neuter nouns ending in [-иe]. |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: история meaning "story," will become - историям, планетарий meaning "planetarium" will be планетариям, and здание meaning "building" will become зданиям. |
| Yuriy: A few nouns have [-ьям] ending. You can check these in the lesson notes. For now, let’s move on to adjectives. The plural adjectives in the Dative case have the endings... |
| Elena: [-ым] and [-им]. The rule is very simple... |
| Yuriy: To form the plural form of adjectives in Dative case, please use the ending [-ым]. |
| Elena: умный meaning "clever" is умным; грубый meaning "rude" is грубым |
| Yuriy: As you see, we just replace the endings of the Nominative case with the ending [-ым] . |
| Elena: That’s right. Let’s take the word “ближний” meaning “near”. The ending is [ий] ближн - ий, ближний. The plural dative is ближним. |
| Yuriy: The next rule is, if an adjective has a stem ending in a soft consonant or [г], [к], [х], [ж], [ч], [ш], or [щ], the ending will be [-им]. For example... |
| Elena: Плохой is плохим. The adjective “плохой” has a stem ending in [-х] , плох, that's why we use the ending [-им] instead of [-ым]. Настоящий meaning "real" becomes настоящим. везучий meaning "lucky" is везучим. |
Outro |
| Yuriy: For more information, please read the lesson notes, or leave us a comment at RussianPod101.com. And that’s all for this lesson. We hope you enjoyed it! |
| Elena: Thanks for listening everyone! |
| Yuriy: See you again soon! До скорой встречи! |
| Elena: Пока -пока |
| MARKETING PIECE |
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