Learn about plural nouns and adjectives in the accusative case
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, season 2, lesson 6 - Getting Ready for a Dinner Party in Russia. I’m Yuriy. |
| Elena: А я Елена. Привет. I’m Elena. |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you'll learn about the formation of plural nouns and plural adjectives in the Accusative case. |
| Elena: This conversation takes place at home and is between Nika and Misha. |
| Yuriy: The speakers are brother and sister, so they’ll be using informal Russian. Okay! Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Ника: Скоро придут гости, ты можешь мне помочь? Я боюсь, что не успею всё сделать сама. |
| Миша: Без проблем. |
| Ника: Расставь на столе глубокие тарелки в цветочек и чайные чашки. Достань из серванта серебряные столовые приборы и положи около каждой тарелки. |
| Миша: А куда эти блюдца? |
| Ника: Ой, совсем забыла! Поставь на них чашки. И ещё, вот, положи эти салфетки на стол. |
| Миша: Хорошо. |
| Ника: Теперь поставь на середину стола бутерброды и закуски. Всё. Мы готовы. |
| (Звонок в дверь) |
| Yuriy: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Ника: Скоро придут гости, ты можешь мне помочь? Я боюсь, что не успею всё сделать сама. |
| Yuriy: Soon the guests will come, can you help me? I'm afraid I won't manage to do everything by myself in time. |
| Миша: Без проблем. |
| Yuriy: No problems. |
| Ника: Расставь на столе глубокие тарелки в цветочек и чайные чашки. Достань из серванта серебряные столовые приборы и положи около каждой тарелки. |
| Yuriy: Arrange the flower-dotted soup plates and teacups on the table. Take silver cutlery from the cupboard and put it near each plate. |
| Миша: А куда эти блюдца? |
| Yuriy: And what should I do with these saucers? |
| Ника: Ой, совсем забыла! Поставь на них чашки. И ещё, вот, положи эти салфетки на стол. |
| Yuriy: Oh, I totally forgot! Put cups on them. And one more thing, here, put these napkins on the table. |
| Миша: Хорошо. |
| Yuriy: Ok. |
| Ника: Теперь поставь на середину стола бутерброды и закуски. Всё. Мы готовы. |
| Yuriy: Now put the sandwiches and snacks in the middle of the table. That's it. We're ready. |
| (Звонок в дверь) |
| Yuriy (Door bell.) |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuriy: I think it’s fair to say that Russians are famous for their hospitality. |
| Elena: Definitely! For example, when I visit my friend’s house, she puts all the tasty foods she has in her refrigerator on the table. Russians like to set a really gorgeous table with mouthwatering food. |
| Yuriy: And I think it's impossible to imagine a Russian feast without toasts. |
| Elena: Yes, toasts accompany every drink. This tradition came from Georgia and became very popular during the time of the Soviet Union. |
| Yuriy: Could you give us an example of a toast? |
| Elena: Toasts can be short, like “For love!”, “For health!”, “For friendship!” or take the form of funny stories. |
| Yuriy: Do you know any of these stories? |
| Elena: Ok, here is my friend’s favorite. |
| One friend says to another... |
| - Can you imagine? I've been to the doctor and he told me “No drinking! No smoking! No women!" |
| - In sympathy, the friend says “Poor man!” |
| - The friend replies “You think I'm a poor man? I gave him money...and he allowed me everything!” |
| So let's drink so that we'll always be rich enough to allow everything in our life! |
| Yuriy: (laughs)That’s a good one! Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Yuriy: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Elena: успеть [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to make it on time, to be in time, to manage to do something in time |
| Elena: успеть [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: успеть [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: расставить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to place, to arrange, to set |
| Elena: расставить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: расставить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: в цветочек [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: flowered, flower-dotted |
| Elena: в цветочек [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: в цветочек [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: глубокий [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: deep |
| Elena: глубокий [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: глубокий [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: сервант [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: sideboard, cupboard |
| Elena: сервант [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: сервант [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: столовые приборы [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: cutlery |
| Elena: столовые приборы [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: столовые приборы [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: салфетка [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: napkin, serviette |
| Elena: салфетка [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: салфетка [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: блюдце [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: saucer |
| Elena: блюдце [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: блюдце [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: достаться [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to reach, to take out, to get, to obtain |
| Elena: достаться [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: достаться [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Elena: чайная чашка [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: teacup |
| Elena: чайная чашка [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: чайная чашка [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yuriy: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is |
| Elena: “глубокий” which means “deep”. |
| Yuriy: Can you give us an example? |
| Elena: Река около моего дома очень глубокая. |
| Yuriy: "The river near my house is very deep." |
| Elena: У него на руке была глубокая рана. |
| Yuriy: "He has a deep wound on his hand." You also use this adjective when you talk about your feelings being very strong, or “very deep”. For instance... |
| Elena: Я испытываю к нему глубокое уважение. |
| Yuriy: “I feel a deep respect for him.” |
| Elena: Любовь - прекрасное глубокое чувство. |
| Yuriy: "Love is a wonderful, deep feeling." |
| Elena: This word is also used in such expressions as “глубокий человек”, "wise man," “глубокое понимание”, "deep understanding," “глубокая идея”, "profound idea," and “глубокое дыхание”, "deep breathing." |
| Yuriy: That wasn't very hard, was it listeners? Let’s move on to the next word. |
| Elena: The second word for this lesson is a verb, “достать” |
| Yuriy: Which means “to take”, “to take out”. The first meaning is “to reach” or in some cases, “to touch”. It means that one has to stretch out an arm in order to touch or grasp something. For example... |
| Elena: Ты можешь достать руками до пола? |
| Yuriy: “Can you reach the floor with your hands?” |
| Elena: Принеси лестницу, я не могу достать до верхней полки. |
| Yuriy: "Bring a ladder, I can't reach the top shelf." The second meaning is “to take” or “take out”, when something should be taken out from a container, bag, drawer, or other similar enclosed space. |
| For example... |
| Elena: Достань из сумки ключи. |
| Yuriy: “Take the keys out of the bag.” |
| Elena: Он достал из кармана телефон и начал кому-то звонить. |
| Yuriy: "He took out his phone from his pocket and started to call somebody." Ok, now onto the grammar. |
| . |
Lesson focus |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to form plural nouns and adjectives in the Accusative case. |
| Elena: As you may remember, with the Accusative case it's very important to know whether a noun is animate, like people and animals, or an inanimate object. |
| Yuriy: The endings of all inanimate plural nouns of masculine and feminine gender, and all neuter nouns, are similar to the plural nouns in the Nominative case. |
| Elena: For example, the plural noun столы, "tables," will have the same form in the Accusative case. |
| Yuriy: Let's give sample sentences. |
| Elena: Это книги. |
| Yuriy: "These are books." In our sentence, the word “книги” is in the Nominative case, or in the form that you can find in the dictionary. |
| Elena: Я уже читал эти книги. |
| Yuriy: "I've already read these books." You see? In both sentences we use “книги”, because it's an inanimate noun. |
| Elena: Мне нужно выучить все эти правила. |
| Yuriy: "I need to learn all these rules." Rules are also inanimate. What about animate ones? |
| Elena: The endings of all animate plural nouns with masculine and feminine gender are the same as for the plural nouns in the Genitive case. We learned about this in Lesson 4. |
| Yuriy: But let's give our listeners some sample sentences to refresh their memories. |
| Elena: Ok. По дороге домой я встретила своих родителей. |
| Yuriy: "I met my parents on my way home." |
| Elena: Я встретила интересных людей на этом семинаре. |
| Yuriy: "I met interesting people at this seminar." |
| Elena: Yuriy, let's explain to our listeners the grammar rules about plural adjectives. |
| Yuriy: The plural accusative case forms of masculine adjectives also depend on whether the adjective is related to an animate or inanimate noun. The endings of all adjectives related to inanimate masculine, feminine, or all neuter nouns are similar to the plural nominative case. For example... |
| Elena: “зимние” meaning "winter," in the accusative case will be also “зимние”. For example, зимние дни meaning "winter days". |
| Yuriy: The endings of all masculine and feminine adjectives related to animate nouns will be... |
| Elena: [ых] and [их]. The rule is very simple. |
| Yuriy: To make the plural form of animate adjectives in the Accusative case, please use the ending [-ых]. |
| Elena: So молодой meaning "young" becomes молодых, and старый meaning "old" is старых |
| Yuriy: As you see, we just replace the endings of the Nominative case with the ending [-ых] . |
| Elena: That’s right. Let’s take the word “красивый” meaning “beautiful”. The ending is [ый] красив - ый, красивый. The plural accusative is красив -ых, красивых. Красивый - красивых. |
| Yuriy: However, if an adjective has a stem ending in a soft consonant or [г], [к], [х], [ж], [ч], [ш], [щ] the ending will be [-их]. For example. |
| Elena: Плохой - плохих. The adjective “плохой” has a stem ending in [-х] , плох, which is why we use the ending [-их] instead of [-ых]. Хороший meaning "good" is хороших, синий meaning "blue" is синих, соседний, meaning "neighboring" is соседних. |
| Yuriy: As always, for more information on this topic, please read the lesson notes. |
Outro |
| Elena: Okay, and that’s all for this lesson! |
| Yuriy: Thanks for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Elena: Спасибо вам большое и до скорой встречи! |
| MARKETING PIECE |
| Yuriy: Listeners, ever have any Russian language or lesson-related questions? |
| Elena: Or maybe you have some feedback for us... |
| Yuriy: Leave us a comment or ask a question on the lessons page! |
| Elena: It's super simple. Go to RussianPod101.com... |
| Yuriy: ...click on comments, |
| Elena: ...enter your comment and name, |
| Yuriy: ...and that's it! |
| Elena: Commenting is a a great way to practice writing and reading in Russian. |
| Yuriy: It helps you learn faster. |
| Elena: And it helps us get better through your feedback. |
| Yuriy: No excuses. |
| Elena: Go to RussianPod101.com, and comment now. |
| Yuriy: NOW! |
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