Learn about unidirectional and multidirectional verbs of motion and the meaning of the prefix [по-]
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, season 2, lesson 23 - A Robbery in Russia. I’m Yuriy. |
| Elena: С вами сегодня Елена. Всем привет. |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use unidirectional and multidirectional verbs of motion, and about the meaning of the prefix [по-]. |
| Elena: The dialogue that follows is a news presentation. |
| Yuriy: The speaker is a reporter, so she’ll be using formal Russian. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
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| Ведущий: Мы прерываем нашу программу для экстренного выпуска новостей. |
| Репортёр: Из ювелирного магазина “Диамант” исчезло одно из самых дорогих бриллиантовых колье. |
| Эксперты оценивают его примерно в сто тысяч долларов. |
| Как сообщают очевидцы, какой-то подозрительный мужчина спокойно вышел из магазина, покурил пять минут на улице и пошел в сторону парка. |
| Сначала он шел медленно, но потом внезапно побежал. |
| Если кто-либо владеет информацией об этом мужчине, просим сообщить в полицию. |
| Yuriy: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Ведущий: Мы прерываем нашу программу для экстренного выпуска новостей. |
| Yuriy: We interrupt this program for a special news bulletin. |
| Репортёр: Из ювелирного магазина “Диамант” исчезло одно из самых дорогих бриллиантовых колье. |
| Yuriy: One of the most expensive diamond necklaces disappeared from a jewelry store called "Diamant." |
| Эксперты оценивают его примерно в сто тысяч долларов. |
| Yuriy: Experts estimate its cost at around one hundred thousand dollars. |
| Как сообщают очевидцы, какой-то подозрительный мужчина спокойно вышел из магазина, покурил пять минут на улице и пошел в сторону парка. |
| Yuriy: According to eyewitnesses, a suspicious man calmly walked out of the store, smoked for five minutes on the street and went to the park. |
| Сначала он шел медленно, но потом внезапно побежал. |
| Yuriy: First, he walked slowly, but then suddenly ran. |
| Если кто-либо владеет информацией об этом мужчине, просим сообщить в полицию. |
| Yuriy: If anyone has information about this man, please inform the police. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuriy: So Elena, I’ve heard that a lot of post-Soviet Union countries are struggling with increasing crime rates. |
| Elena: That’s true, and unfortunately Russia is no exception. According to recent statistics, almost half of all reported crimes are to do with stolen property. |
| Yuriy: You mean theft and robbery? |
| Elena: Yes. The most common places for such crimes are metro cars and public markets. |
| Yuriy: I guess it’s because people tend to pay less attention when they’re at markets and in metro cars. Sometimes, amid a big group of people, you might lose track of where your bag is, or forget to keep a hand on your wallet. |
| Elena: That’s right. I’ve even experienced several incidents like this. Twice, actually, my mobile phone was stolen and one time my wallet. |
| Yuriy: So listeners, be sure to take care of your wallet while you are in public places in Russia. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Yuriy: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is: |
| Elena: ювелирный магазин [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: jewelry store |
| Elena: ювелирный магазин [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: ювелирный магазин [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: оценивать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to evaluate |
| Elena: оценивать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: оценивать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: очевидец [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: witness |
| Elena: очевидец [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: очевидец [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: подозрительный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: suspicious |
| Elena: подозрительный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: подозрительный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: внезапно [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: suddenly |
| Elena: внезапно [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: внезапно [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: владеть [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to own, to have, to possess |
| Elena: владеть [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: владеть [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: полиция [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Police |
| Elena: полиция [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: полиция [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: бриллиантовый [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: diamond |
| Elena: бриллиантовый [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: бриллиантовый [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: Next: |
| Elena: колье [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: necklace |
| Elena: колье [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: колье [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: And Last: |
| Elena: исчезать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to disappear |
| Elena: исчезать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: исчезать [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yuriy: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What’s first? |
| Elena: The first key phrase for this lesson is the verb “владеть” which can be translated into English as “to own” or “to possess.” Like many Russian verbs, it has several meanings which are widely used in daily and business conversation. |
| Yuriy: The first meaning is “to have something as property” or “to own.” Any noun following this verb should be put in the Instrumental case. For example... |
| Elena: Он владеет элитной недвижимостью заграницей. |
| Yuriy: “He owns luxury real estate abroad.” |
| Elena: Наша семья владеет двумя большими земельными участками под Москвой. |
| Yuriy: “Our family owns two large plots of land near Moscow.” The verb владеть is also used when we want to express that someone acquires a mastery of or has knowledge of something. For example... |
| Elena: Он владеет пятью языками. |
| Yuriy: “He speaks five languages.” |
| Elena: Рыцари должны были идеально владеть мечом. |
| Yuriy: “Knights had to wield a sword perfectly.” Ok, what’s the next word? |
| Elena: The next word for this lesson is the adverb “внезапно” which is translated into English as “suddenly.” |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: Внезапно начался дождь. |
| Yuriy: “Suddenly it began to rain.” |
| Elena: Она внезапно почувствовала боль в плече. |
| Yuriy: “She suddenly felt a pain in her shoulder.” Now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the prefix [по-]. To understand the meaning of [по-], let's first find out what unidirectional and multidirectional verbs of motion are. |
| Elena: Unlike other Russian verbs which mostly have only one imperfective form, verbs of motion form pairs that include two imperfective verbs. |
| Yuriy: These are unidirectional imperfective and multidirectional imperfective. The unidirectional verbs express continuous movement in one direction. It can be a motion which is performed in the present moment or habitually. The main point is that it should have only one, certain direction. Here are some examples of such verbs. |
| Elena: Firstly, идти |
| Yuriy: “to walk” or “to go on foot” |
| Elena: ехать |
| Yuriy: “to ride” or “to go by vehicle” |
| Elena: лететь |
| Yuriy: “to fly” |
| Elena: плыть |
| Yuriy: “to swim” or “to sail.” |
| Elena: With unidirectional verbs, the prefix [по-] adds the meaning of “the onset or beginning of a movement in one direction.” |
| Yuriy: It can be an old direction or a new one. For example, if you changed your direction suddenly. This beginning can be either in the past or in the future. Talking about the past, the prefix [по-] indicates that a movement started in the past but says nothing about whether the subject has reached its destination. For example... |
| Elena: Птицы полетели на юг. |
| Yuriy: “The Birds flew to the south.” |
| Elena: Папа поехал на работу. |
| Yuriy: “Father went to work.” Multidirectional verbs indicate that a motion is performed in different directions, has no specific direction, or is random. Here are some examples. |
| Elena: ходить |
| Yuriy: Which means “to walk” or “to go on foot” |
| Elena: ездить |
| Yuriy: “to ride” or “to go by vehicle” |
| Elena: летать |
| Yuriy: “to fly” |
| Elena: плавать |
| Yuriy: “to swim” or “to sail.” For example, the verb “ходить” meaning “to go” implies that a movement is random, in different directions, “around” and “about” something. |
| Elena: With multidirectional verbs, the prefix [по-] indicates limited duration of motion, or that the movement occurs for a while. |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: Собака побегала на улице с полчаса и прибежала домой. |
| Yuriy: “The dog ran a while on the street for half an hour and ran (returned) home.” In this sentence, the verb “побегала” means that the dog was running for a short period of time. |
| Elena: Птица полетала над деревом и села на ветку. |
| Yuriy: “The bird flew a while over the tree and sat on a branch.” |
Outro |
| Yuriy: Okay, that brings us to the end of this lesson! Listeners, there are more rules about unidirectional and multidirectional verbs as well as the prefix [по] in the Lesson notes. So please check them out! |
| Elena: Спасибо что слушаете нас. |
| Yuriy: See you in the next lesson. Bye! |
| Elena: Пока-пока. |
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