Learn how to use relational adjectives using an informal conversation between friends as an example
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Intermediate, season 2, lesson 14 - You Can’t Smoke Just Anywhere in Russia! I’m Yuriy. |
| Elena: А я Елена. Привет. I’m Elena. |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use relational adjectives in Russian. |
| Elena: The conversation takes place at a park and in a restaurant, and is between Nika and Ben. |
| Yuriy: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Russian. Okay! Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Ника: Бен, я проголодалась. Давай зайдём в какой-нибудь ресторан? |
| Бен: Я как раз хотел тебе то же самое предложить. Здесь недалеко есть уютный и недорогой ресторан традиционной русской кухни. Зайдём? |
| Ника: А в нём курят? Я просто не переношу запах табачного дыма. |
| Бен: Нет. Он для некурящих. |
| Ника: Хорошо, тогда идём! |
| (В ресторане.) |
| Ника: Что ты будешь? |
| Бен: Я закажу борщ со сметаной, пюре и рыбные котлеты. А ты? |
| Ника: А я возьму блинчики с мёдом и чай с лимоном. |
| Бен: Хорошо. Я позову официанта. |
| Yuriy: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Ника: Бен, я проголодалась. Давай зайдём в какой-нибудь ресторан? |
| Yuriy: Ben, I'm hungry. Let's drop in at some restaurant. |
| Бен: Я как раз хотел тебе то же самое предложить. Здесь недалеко есть уютный и недорогой ресторан традиционной русской кухни. Зайдём? |
| Yuriy: I was just going to suggest the same thing. Not far from here there’s a cozy and inexpensive restaurant that serves traditional Russian cuisine. Shall we drop in? |
| Ника: А в нём курят? Я просто не переношу запах табачного дыма. |
| Yuriy: Do they allow smoking? I just can’t stand the smell of tobacco smoke. |
| Бен: Нет. Он для некурящих. |
| Yuriy: No. It’s for non-smokers. |
| Ника: Хорошо, тогда идём! |
| Yuriy: Ok. Then, let’s go. |
| (В ресторане.) |
| Yuriy(In the restaurant.) |
| Ника: Что ты будешь? |
| Yuriy: What will you eat? |
| Бен: Я закажу борщ со сметаной, пюре и рыбные котлеты. А ты? |
| Yuriy: I'll order borshch with sour cream, mashed potatoes and fish cakes. And you? |
| Ника: А я возьму блинчики с мёдом и чай с лимоном. |
| Yuriy: And I'll take the crepes with honey and lemon tea. |
| Бен: Хорошо. Я позову официанта. |
| Yuriy: Ok. I'll call for a waiter. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuriy: I heard that Russia adopted an anti-smoking law in 2013. |
| Elena: That’s right. Basically it is a law that bans smoking in public places. |
| Yuriy: People caught smoking in cafes or restaurants have to pay a fine. |
| Elena: Yes, and the fines can vary from 500 to 1500 rubles, which is approximately $15 to $45. |
| Yuriy: Smoking is also banned at playgrounds for children, in public transportation, and at public organizations such as theaters and museums. I’ve heard that many Russians are happy with this new law. |
| Elena: They are! Many people hope that it will decrease the number of smokers in Russia. |
| Yuriy: Let’s hope so. Well listeners, be careful not to smoke in public places in Russia or you could get a fine! Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Yuriy: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Elena: проголодаться [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to get hungry |
| Elena: проголодаться [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: проголодаться [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: зайти [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to enter, to drop in |
| Elena: зайти [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: зайти [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: предложить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to suggest, to offer |
| Elena: предложить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: предложить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: уютный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: cozy |
| Elena: уютный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: уютный [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: кухня [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: kitchen, cuisine, food |
| Elena: кухня [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: кухня [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: не переносить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: can’t stand |
| Elena: не переносить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: не переносить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: курить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: to smoke |
| Elena: курить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: курить [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: запах [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: smell, odor, scent |
| Elena: запах [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: запах [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Elena: табачный дым [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: tobacco smoke |
| Elena: табачный дым [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: табачный дым [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Elena: рыбный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy: fish |
| Elena: рыбный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena: рыбный [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yuriy: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word for this lesson is the noun… |
| Elena: “кухня,” which can be translated into English as “kitchen,” as in a room or an area for preparing and cooking food. |
| Yuriy: What are some examples, Elena? |
| Elena: Я готовлю еду на кухне. |
| Yuriy: “I prepare food in the kitchen.” |
| Elena: Отнеси грязную посуду на кухню. |
| Yuriy: “Take the dirty dishes to the kitchen.” But this word can also be used to mean “cuisine” or “food”. For example... |
| Elena: Ты любишь японскую кухню? |
| Yuriy: “Do you like Japanese cuisine?” |
| Elena: Какие блюда французской кухни ты умеешь готовить? |
| Yuriy: “What dishes of French cuisine can you cook?” But, that’s not everything. It has one more meaning, which is “furniture” for the kitchen. For example… |
| Elena: Я хочу купить новую кухню. |
| Yuriy: “I want to buy new furniture for the kitchen.” |
| Elena: Наша компания изготавливает кухни на заказ. |
| Yuriy: “Our company manufactures furniture for kitchens on a by-order basis.” Ok! What's the next key word? |
| Elena: The next word for this lesson is a perfective verb “проголодаться” meaning “to get hungry.” |
| Yuriy: Because this is a perfective verb, it is only conjugated in the future and past tenses. For example... |
| Elena: Я проголодался, как волк! |
| Yuriy: “I got hungry like a wolf!” |
| Elena: Возьми с собой бутерброд, а то проголодаешься. |
| Yuriy: “Take a sandwich with you in case you get hungry.” Ok, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the meaning, usage and formation of the relational adjectives. As we’ve already learned, adjectives in Russian can be divided into 2 groups - qualitative adjectives, which can take on long and short forms, and relational adjectives, which in Russian are called... |
| Elena: относительные прилагательные. |
| Yuriy: : Relational adjectives are adjectives that classify their nouns. They point out that the noun is modified, is made of or from something, or is in some other way connected with something or someone else. |
| Elena: Relational adjectives can express the material from which a noun or object is made or modified. |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: железный |
| Yuriy: “iron.” Or... |
| Elena: каменный |
| Yuriy: “stone." Relational adjectives can also express for whom a noun is intended, or for whom it is made. For example... |
| Elena: детский |
| Yuriy: “children's” |
| Elena: студенческий |
| Yuriy: “student's.” Relational adjectives also express what time and place, area or field a noun is related. For example... |
| Elena: литературный |
| Yuriy: “literary” |
| Elena: спортивный |
| Yuriy: "sports” |
| Elena: горный |
| Yuriy: “mountain” |
| Elena: летний |
| Yuriy: “summer.” Listeners, a very important point to remember is that unlike qualitative adjectives, relational adjectives don't have a short form and can’t form superlatives. Now, let’s take a look at how relational adjectives are formed. |
| Elena: There are several rules about forming relational adjectives. |
| Yuriy: In this lesson we will focus on just the two main rules. |
| Elena: The first rule is... |
| Yuriy: Relational adjectives are formed by adding the suffix -н- to a noun, along with the appropriate ending, either masculine, feminine, neuter or plural. For example... |
| Elena: Take the word “железо,” meaning “iron.” First we need to drop the ending. |
| Yuriy: “железо” is a neuter noun, so we need to drop the ending [o]. Железо will become - желез. Than we need to add the suffix -н-. This gives us - железн. And then we just add either the masculine, feminine, neuter or plural ending, right? |
| Elena: Yes, that’s right. So it would be железный for masculine, железная for feminine, железное for neuter and plural would be железные |
| Yuriy: Let’s give one more example. |
| Elena: How about the word камень, meaning “stone.” |
| Yuriy: Well, first we drop the ending, which is [мягкий знак ] and add suffix -н- . |
| Elena: So, then the various endings would be - каменный for masculine, каменная for feminine, каменное for neuter and каменные for plural. |
| Yuriy: Listeners, for more information, please check the lesson notes. |
Outro |
|---|
| Yuriy: And that’s all for this lesson. Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you in the next lesson! До скорой встречи! |
| Elena: Пока -пока |
Comments
Hide