Learn about using the dative and instrumental cases of singular adjectives
Now Playing: Lesson Audio
Get a breakdown of the dialogue and translations instantly with the Premium line-by-line Audio. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.
Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.
| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner season 1, lesson 22 - Changing Jobs in Russia. I’m Yuriy. |
| Elena: Привет, меня зовут Елена. Hello, and my name is Elena! |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you'll learn about the dative and instrumental cases of singular adjectives in Russian. |
| Elena: This conversation takes place in a cafe. |
| Yuriy: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Russian. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Лера:Алекс, я слышала ты поменял работу? |
| Алекс:Да, теперь я работаю главным менеджером международной торговой компании. |
| Лера:И как? |
| Алекс:Мне нравится. Работа стабильная, зарплата высокая. От дома до офиса рукой подать. Раз в год лучшим сотрудникам выплачивают премию. |
| Лера:Да...Ты теперь работаешь бок о бок с профессионалами. Поздравляю! |
| Lera: Aleks, ya slyshala ty pomenyal rabotu? |
| Aleks: Da, teper' ya rabotayu glavnym menedzherom mezhdunarodnoy torgovoy kompanii. |
| Lera: I kak? |
| Aleks: Mne nravitsya. Rabota stabil'naya, zarplata vysokaya. Ot doma do ofisa rukoy podat'. Raz v god luchshim sotrudnikam vyplachivayut premiyu. |
| Lera: Da...Ty teper' rabotayesh' bok o bok s professionalami. Pozdravlyayu! |
| Лера:Алекс, я слышала ты поменял работу? |
| Yuriy: Alex, I heard you changed your job? |
| Алекс:Да, теперь я работаю главным менеджером международной торговой компании. |
| Yuriy: Yes, now I work as a general manager of an international trading company. |
| Лера:И как? |
| Yuriy: And how is it? |
| Алекс:Мне нравится. Работа стабильная, зарплата высокая. От дома до офиса рукой подать. Раз в год лучшим сотрудникам выплачивают премию. |
| Yuriy: I like it. The job is stable, and the salary is high. It's no distance between the office and my home. Once a year, the best employees are paid a bonus. |
| Лера:Да...Ты теперь работаешь бок о бок с профессионалами. Поздравляю! |
| Yuriy: Yes...You're now working side by side with professionals. Congratulations! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Yuriy: So Elena, how long is a work day in Russia? |
| Elena: According to the law, it's 8 hours. |
| Yuriy: But sometimes people work longer, right? |
| Elena: It depends on the company. In the case of governmental agencies, it's true that staff almost never work overtime. But in private companies, the situation can be different. |
| Yuriy: Is it easy to find a job in Russia? |
| Elena: It depends on your age, qualifications and the university you graduated from. A lot of people end up doing jobs that are not related to the qualifications they received. |
| Yuriy: For example, someone might graduate from a law department but work in sales. The Federal State Statistic Service has published data about this issue. And they say it's much easier to find a job when you’re 20 than when you’re 35. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Elena слышать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy to hear |
| Elena слышать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena слышать [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "слышать" from the template |
| Elena главный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy main, head, chief |
| Elena главный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena главный [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "главный" from the template |
| Elena торговый [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy trading |
| Elena торговый [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena торговый [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "торговый" from the template |
| Elena бок о бок [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy side by side |
| Elena бок о бок [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena бок о бок [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "бок о бок" from the template |
| Elena профессионал [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy professional |
| Elena профессионал [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena профессионал [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "профессионал" from the template |
| Elena стабильный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy stable |
| Elena стабильный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena стабильный [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "стабильный" from the template |
| Elena выплачивать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy pay (out) |
| Elena выплачивать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena выплачивать [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "выплачивать" from the template |
| Elena премия [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy award, bonus |
| Elena премия [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena премия [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "премия" from the template |
| Elena сотрудник [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy co-worker, employee |
| Elena сотрудник [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena сотрудник [natural native speed] |
| Hide / Unhide "сотрудник" from the template |
| Elena рукой подать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy It's no distance |
| Elena рукой подать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena рукой подать [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yuriy: Let’s take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase for this lesson is... |
| Elena: рукой подать, which can be translated as "It's no distance” or "within a stone's throw from." Yuriy, let's break this phrase down. |
| Yuriy: Ok. The noun рукой means "by hand," whereas the verb подать means "to give." So this phrase literally means "to give by hand." |
| Elena: рукой подать is used when we want to say that something is situated really very close. |
| Yuriy: As if it's enough just to hold out your hand to reach it. A noun in the genitive case is used following this phrase. Let’s use it in some example sentences. |
| Elena: От дома до магазина рукой подать. |
| Yuriy: "It's no distance between home and the store." How about another example. |
| Elena: От станции метро до офиса рукой подать. |
| Yuriy: "The office is a stone's throw away from the metro station." I think it’s pretty clear. What’s the next phrase in this lesson? |
| Elena: The next phrase is бок о бок, which can be translated into English as "side by side." |
| Yuriy: The noun бок means "side," whereas the preposition о means "by." So this phrase literally means "side by side," exactly like in English. We use this phrase when we want to point out that some people are living or working together or are very close, physically, one to another. For example. |
| Elena: Много лет я работал с ним бок о бок. |
| Yuriy: "For many years I worked with him side by side." Can we have another example please? |
| Elena: Ты знаешь Анну? Да, мы прожили в общежитии бок о бок 3 года. |
| Yuriy: "Do you know Anna? Yes, we lived in a dormitory side by side for three years." Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Elena: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the dative and instrumental cases of singular adjectives in Russian. |
| Yuriy: Remember, all adjectives should agree with nouns in gender, number, and case. This means, if a noun is in the dative or instrumental case, the adjective should also be in that case. |
| Elena: The questions of the dative case of a singular adjective are Какому? for masculine and neuter adjectives and Какой? for feminine adjectives.: |
| Yuriy: These can be translated into English as "to which?" or "to what?" The questions of the instrumental case of a singular adjective are Каким? for masculine and neuter adjectives and Какой? for feminine adjectives. And these can be translated into English as "by what?" |
| Elena: Now let's take a look at the formation of adjectives in the dative case. |
| Yuriy: Masculine and neuter adjectives follow the same rules. If in singular form, an adjective has a stem ending in a hard consonant, the ending in the dative case will be [ому]. For example... |
| Elena: новый |
| Yuriy: "new" changes to... |
| Elena: новому |
| Yuriy: Another one please. |
| Elena: красивое |
| Yuriy: "beautiful" changes to... |
| Elena: красивому. Adjectives with a stem ending in a soft consonant or with [-ж, -ч, -ш, or -щ] with an unstressed ending, have the ending [ему]. |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: синий |
| Yuriy: "blue" changes to... |
| Elena: синему |
| Yuriy: Feminine adjectives with a stem ending in a hard consonant change their ending to [ой]. And those ending in a soft consonant change to [ей]. For example... |
| Elena: золотая |
| Yuriy: "gold" changes to... |
| Elena: золотой |
| Yuriy: One more example please. |
| Elena: синяя |
| Yuriy: "blue" changes to... |
| Elena: синей |
| Yuriy: Ok. Now it’s time for the instrumental case. Masculine and neuter adjectives with stems in singular form that end in hard consonants have the ending [ым]. |
| Elena: And those with soft consonants have the ending [им]. |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: грустный |
| Yuriy: "sad" changes to... |
| Elena: грустным |
| Yuriy: Here is another one. |
| Elena: вечерний |
| Yuriy: "evening" changes to... |
| Elena: вечерним |
| Yuriy: Now, feminine adjectives have the same endings as for the dative case. Let's see how it works in a sentence. |
| Elena: Я хочу быть профессиональным переводчиком. |
| Yuriy: "I want to be a professional translator." OK, how about one more example? |
| Elena: Студенты готовятся к сложному экзамену. |
| Yuriy: "The students are preparing for a difficult exam." |
Outro |
| Yuriy: Well, that's all we have time for in this lesson. For more examples and information, please check the lesson notes. Thanks for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time. |
| Elena: До скорого встречи! |
Comments
Hide