Learn about the genitive case
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Yuriy: Hello and welcome back to RussianPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner season 1, lesson 14 - Let’s Go To A Russian Exhibition! I'm Yuriy. |
| Elena: Привет, меня зовут Елена. Hello, and my name is Elena! |
| Yuriy: In this lesson, you'll learn about the Genitive case. |
| Elena: This conversation takes place in a cafe and is between Lera and Alex. |
| Yuriy: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Russian. Okay! Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Алекс:Лера, у тебя есть фотоаппарат? |
| Лера:Нет, у меня нет фотоаппарата. Но, возможно, у Насти есть. |
| Алекс:Я недавно узнал, что сейчас проходит международная художественная выставка. Говорят, там очень интересно. Давай сходим? |
| Лера:Конечно давай! |
| Aleks: Lera, u tebya yest' fotoapparat? |
| Lera: Net, u menya net fotoapparata. No, vozmozhno, u Nasti yest'. |
| Aleks: Yа nedavno uznal, chto seychas prokhodit mezhdunarodnaya khudozhestvennaya vystavka. Govoryat, tam ochen' interesno. Davay skhodim? |
| Lera: Konechno davay! |
| Алекс:Лера, у тебя есть фотоаппарат? |
| Yuriy: Lera, do you have a camera? |
| Лера:Нет, у меня нет фотоаппарата. Но, возможно, у Насти есть. |
| Yuriy: No, I don't have a camera, but maybe Nastia has one. |
| Алекс:Я недавно узнал, что сейчас проходит международная художественная выставка. Говорят, там очень интересно. Давай сходим? |
| Yuriy: I recently found out that an international art exhibition is happening now. They say it's very interesting. Shall we go? |
| Лера:Конечно давай! |
| Yuriy: Of course! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Elena: Yuriy, have you ever been to the State Hermitage in Saint Petersburg? |
| Yuriy: No. But I've heard a lot about it. It has around 3 million works and is one of the largest and oldest museums in the world. Some of the famous works there are “The Return of the Prodigal Son” by Rembrandt and “Benois Madonna” by Leonardo da Vinci. What are some other famous museums? |
| Elena: Well, tourists can also visit the Russian Museum in Saint Petersburg, or the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow. |
| Yuriy: That last museum is famous for masterpieces that were painted a thousand years ago! Well, it sounds like there are so many museums that maybe one week is not long enough in Russia! |
| Elena: Definitely! |
| Yuriy: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Elena фотоаппарат [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy camera |
| Elena фотоаппарат [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena фотоаппарат [natural native speed] |
| Elena возможно [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy maybe, probably |
| Elena возможно [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena возможно [natural native speed] |
| Elena проходить [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy to take place, to pass, to go, to be held |
| Elena проходить [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena проходить [natural native speed] |
| Elena международный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy international |
| Elena международный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena международный [natural native speed] |
| Elena художественный [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy art |
| Elena художественный [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena художественный [natural native speed] |
| Elena выставка [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy exhibition, exposition |
| Elena выставка [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena выставка [natural native speed] |
| Elena говорят [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy they say |
| Elena говорят [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena говорят [natural native speed] |
| Elena интересно [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy interesting; I wonder |
| Elena интересно [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena интересно [natural native speed] |
| Elena недавно [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy recently |
| Elena недавно [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena недавно [natural native speed] |
| Elena узнать [natural native speed] |
| Yuriy to recognize, to find out |
| Elena узнать [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Elena узнать [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yuriy: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word for this lesson is... |
| Elena: узнать, which can be translated as... |
| Yuriy: “to find out” or “to get to know”. This verb is used when you want to point out that you got or discovered some fact or information that you didn't know before. For example... |
| Elena: Ты узнал когда прилетает самолёт? |
| Yuriy: "Did you find out when the plane arrives?" One more example, please. |
| Elena: Он случайно узнал, что у него есть сын. |
| Yuriy: "He happened to get to know that he has a son." |
| Elena: The second meaning of the verb узнать is “to recognize.” |
| Yuriy: You use this when you want to express that you found something familiar in a person, creature, or thing; like something or someone that was previously seen or known to you, but you forgot about it and just now remembered it. For example... |
| Elena: Я не сразу узнал Алексея Петровича, так как он сильно постарел |
| Yuriy: "I didn't recognize Alexei Petrovich immediately, as he had aged badly." Another example please... |
| Elena: Вы узнали меня? Мы вместе летели в Москву 2 года назад. |
| Yuriy: "Do you recognize me? We flew together to Moscow two years ago." Ok, what's the next word for this lesson? |
| Elena: The next key word is the verb проходить. |
| Yuriy: This verb has many meanings and therefore you can translate it in many ways. |
| Elena: When you’re talking about events such as conferences, exhibitions, festivals, or official meetings, you use this verb to mean “to take place” or “to be held." |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: Следующие олимпийские игры пройдут в Токио. |
| Yuriy: "The next Olympic Games will be held in Tokyo." What’s one more example? |
| Elena: Завтрашнее совещание будет проходить в кабинете директора. |
| Yuriy: "Tomorrow's meeting will be held at the director's office." Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Yuriy: In this lesson you’ll start to learn about the genitive case, one of the most difficult cases in Russian, as it has many uses. |
| Elena: The main function of the Genitive case is to express ownership and show possession. |
| Yuriy: Is it like the apostrophe "-s" or preposition “of” in English? |
| Elena: Exactly! In other words, if you need to indicate who the owner of something is, or to answer the question “Whose?”, then you should use the Genitive case. |
| Yuriy: Ok. So let’s explain how to form nouns in the Genitive case. First we’ll start with masculine nouns. There are several rules. The first rule is that, if in singular form a stem ends in a consonant, you need to add the ending [а] to the consonant. For example…. |
| Elena: банк |
| Yuriy: Meaning "bank" becomes... |
| Elena: банка |
| Yuriy: As you see, all you need to do is just add [а] to the final consonant. The second rule is that, if in singular form a noun has endings [й] or [ь], you need to remove the ending and add [я]. |
| Elena: For example...музей |
| Yuriy: "museum" becomes... |
| Elena: музея |
| Yuriy: And the last rule for masculine nouns is that nouns ending in [ий] change to the ending [ия]. Some examples please, Elena. |
| Elena: планетарий |
| Yuriy: “planetarium.” It becomes... |
| Elena: планетария. |
| Yuriy: To form feminine nouns in the genitive case, you need to change the ending [a] to [ы]. For example... |
| Elena: вода |
| Yuriy: "water" becomes... |
| Elena: воды. |
| Yuriy: If in singular form, a noun has the endings [я] or [ь] you need to remove the ending and add [и]. For example... |
| Elena: площадь |
| Yuriy: "square." It becomes... |
| Elena: площади |
| Yuriy: And the last rule for feminine nouns is that nouns ending in [ия] change to the ending [ии]. Some examples please! |
| Elena: Италия |
| Yuriy: "Italy". Which becomes... |
| Elena: Италии |
| Yuriy: Are there any exceptions to these rules, Elena? |
| Elena: Of course, and we have included these in the lesson notes for you. |
| Yuriy: What about neuter nouns? |
| Elena: Neuter nouns change their endings [о] and [е] to [а] and [я], respectively. |
| Yuriy: For example... |
| Elena: окно |
| Yuriy: “window” becomes... |
| Elena: окна |
| Yuriy: And one last example... |
| Elena: море |
| Yuriy: “sea,” which becomes... |
| Elena: моря |
Outro |
| Yuriy: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. |
| Elena: For more examples and information, please check the lesson notes. |
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