Learn how to use the nominative and accusative cases
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| Привет Всем. С Вами Светлана. Hi everybody! I’m Svetlana. |
| Welcome to RussianPod101.com’s Русский язык за три минуты. The fastest, easiest, and most fun way to learn Russian. |
| In this lesson we are going to begin learning the basic grammar rules for all Russian nouns. Yes, this is probably the most challenging part of our series but it is as important as the word order in english sentences. I will try to keep it simple and fun for you, so you will see how easy it is. If elementary school students can do it, you can do it too! So let’s get it started! |
| There are 6 noun cases in Russian: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, and prepositional. Remember I mentioned the last one in Lesson 12 when we were talking about the location? The case and noun relationship is crucial. The case not only puts the noun in the correct grammatical form but it pretty much defines its place in the sentence. You will see how it works. ;) |
| If you open up a Russian dictionary, you will find all nouns put in nominative case. Why is it nominative? Because it names (or nominates) the subject of the sentence. Do we wanna know Who or What makes the action? Of course we do!!! So let’s put the subject at the beginning of the sentence then. |
| Here is an example: |
| Мама готовит. Mother is cooking. Who is cooking? Mother! The word Mother is put at the beginning of the sentence because it is a subject in nominative case. |
| Let’s take an inanimate noun: |
| Телефон звонит. The phone is ringing. What makes the noise? The phone! Very Easy! |
| The next case I want to take a look at is the accusative. Why do we need it? Because we wanna know what mother is cooking. It indicates the direct object, the receiver of the action and is usually placed right after the verb. So let`s say “Mother is cooking borsch” |
| Мама готовит борщ. |
| or let’s say We learn Russian. |
| Мы учим Русский язык. What are we studying? what is the reason for you to watch this video? of course, the Russian language. Because: |
| Мы учим Русский язык. |
| Sometimes the nouns in nominative and accusative cases look exactly the same. But most likely it will be changing according to gender and number. Let’s take a look at how to modify the noun from nominative, dictionary form to accusative. |
| The good news is that all inanimate neuter and masculine nouns will stay the same. |
| For example: |
| I am putting on a coat. Я одеваю пальто. Coat is the neuter inanimate noun so it stays in its dictionary form. |
| I am watching TV. Я смотрю телевизор. TV is the masculine noun. No changes |
| The rest of the nouns will change their endings in accusative case. The animate masculine noun which ends in a consonant need to add the vowel “A”. If it ends with soft letter “Ь” or hard letter “Й” we add “Я” |
| For example: We are waiting for professor. |
| Мы ждем профессора. Professor is the masculine noun ends with consonant. |
| I see the teacher. Я вижу учителя. |
| It is much easier with feminine nouns. If it ends with “A” we change it to “У” and if it ends with “Я” we replace it with “Ю”. Do you wanna see an example? Here you go. |
| Папа читате газету. Father is reading a newspaper. Newspaper is Газета in Russian which ends with “A” vowel. |
| Great!!! We’re done with this case. I know it is a bit confusing but it is worth knowing. |
| Accusative case is very challenging and interesting at the same time. In our next lesson we will consider some other situations where we can apply the accusative case. tuned for it. See you in our next Русский язык за три минуты lesson. Пока Пока! |
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