Learn about giving and getting directions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Oxana: Привет всем! |
| Eddie: Eddy here! Gangue Russian Season 1, Lesson 29 - “Tour of the Moscow. All the sights and sounds.” Ok, so everybody knows Red Square, the Kremlin, The Museums of Moscow, but today you’ll get to hear about some other good places to see when you’re visiting. |
| Oxana:Moscow is well known for its cathedrals and churches build before the Soviet invasion. Some of them were reconstructed and they’re really worth visiting. |
| Eddie:That’s true! The churches look amazing inside, especially the Orthodox Christian ones. You should definitely go. |
| Oxana: Well, before the tour starts, let’s just review what we learned in Lesson 28! |
| Eddie: Well, we learned about the two kinds of tours which gave us some good vocab, as well. |
| Oxana: [Обзорные экскурсии, тематические, VIP экскурсии] |
| Eddie: Yes! Standing sightseeing tours, thematic tours and VIP tours. |
| Oxana:Then we reviewed how to ask for advice: [Какую вы посоветуете?]. |
| Eddie: “Which one would you recommend?” We also got the basic idea about Russian conditionals. |
| Oxana: [Если вы первый раз в Москве, возьмите обзорную.] |
| Eddie:“If it’s your first time in Moscow, take the standard one.” So, hearing about it again, makes me want to get on the tour. Let’s listen to today’s dialogue and see what we get to see. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Гид: [Справа от вас находится знаменитый храм Христа Спасителя.] |
| Guide: Sprava ot vas nahoditsa znamenityy hram Xrista spasitelya. |
| Джон: [Я слышал что у этого храма тяжелая история.] |
| John: Ya slyshal chto u etogo xrama tyazhelaya istoriya. |
| Елена: [Да, его разрушили в Советские времена, а пором опять отстроили.] |
| Elena: Da, ego razrushili v Sovetskie vremena, a potom opyat’ otstroili. |
| Джон: [А почему его разрушили?] |
| John: A pochemu ego razrushili? |
| Елена: [Я тебе потом расскажу. Посмотри налево.] |
| Elena: Ya tebe potom rasskazhu. Posmotri nalevo. |
| Джон: [О, как красиво. Мы можем здесь остановиться и погулять?] |
| John. O, kak krasivo. My mozhem zdes’ ostanovit’syq i pogulyat’? |
| Елена: [Я не знаю, давай спросим гида.] |
| Elena: Ya ne znayu, davay sprosim gida? |
| Eddie: Once again, more slowly. |
| Oxana: Ещё раз, медленнее. |
| Гид: [Справа от вас находится знаменитый храм Христа Спасителя.] |
| Guide: Sprava ot vas nahoditsa znamenityy hram Xrista spasitelya. |
| Джон: [Я слышал что у этого храма тяжелая история.] |
| John: Ya slyshal chto u etogo xrama tyazhelaya istoriya. |
| Елена: [Да, его разрушили в Советские времена, а пором опять отстроили.] |
| Elena: Da, ego razrushili v Sovetskie vremena, a potom opyat’ otstroili. |
| Джон: [А почему его разрушили?] |
| John: A pochemu ego razrushili? |
| Елена: [Я тебе потом расскажу. Посмотри налево.] |
| Elena: Ya tebe potom rasskazhu. Posmotri nalevo. |
| Джон: [О, как красиво. Мы можем здесь остановиться и погулять?] |
| John. O, kak krasivo. My mozhem zdes’ ostanovit’syq i pogulyat’? |
| Елена: [Я не знаю, давай спросим гида.] |
| Elena: Ya ne znayu, davay sprosim gida? |
| Eddie: Once again, with the translation. |
| Oxana: Ещё раз с переводом. |
| Oxana: [Справа от вас находится знаменитый храм Христа Спасителя.] |
| Eddie: On your right is the famous Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. |
| Oxana: [Я слышал что у этого храма тяжелая история.] |
| Eddie: I’ve heard that this cathedral has a tough history. |
| Oxana: [Да, его разрушили в советские времена, а пором опять отстроили.] |
| Eddie: Yes, it was destroyed during soviet times and then rebuilt again. |
| Oxana: [А почему его разрушили?] |
| Eddie: Why was it destroyed? |
| Oxana: [Я тебе потом расскажу. Посмотри налево.] |
| Eddie: I’ll tell you later. Look left. |
| Oxana: [О, как красиво. Мы можем здесь остановиться и погулять?] |
| Eddie: Oh, so beautiful. Can we stop here and take a walk? |
| Oxana: [Я не знаю, давай спросим гида.] |
| Eddie: I don’t know. Let’s ask the guide. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eddie: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we’ll look at is… |
| Oxana: [Справа от] |
| Eddie: On the right of. On someone’s right. |
| Oxana: [Справа от] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Находиться] |
| Eddie: “To be located” or “situated”. |
| Oxana: [Находиться] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Знаменитый] |
| Eddie: Famous, well-known. |
| Oxana: [Знаменитый] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Храм] |
| Eddie: Cathedral. |
| Oxana: [Храм] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Тяжелый] |
| Eddie: Heavy, difficult, tough. |
| Oxana: [Тяжелый] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Разрушить] |
| Eddie: To destroy. |
| Oxana: [Разрушить] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Советский] |
| Eddie: Soviet. |
| Oxana: [Советский] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Времена] |
| Eddie: Times. |
| Oxana: [Времена] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Потом] |
| Eddie: Later, after that, then. |
| Oxana: [Потом] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Опять] |
| Eddie: Again. |
| Oxana: [опять] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Строить] |
| Eddie: To build. |
| Oxana: [Строить] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Почему] |
| Eddie: Why. |
| Oxana: [Почему] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oxana: [Остановиться] |
| Eddie: To stop. |
| Oxana: [Остановиться] |
| Eddie: And next. |
| Oxana: [Погулять] |
| Eddie: To take a walk. |
| Oxana: [Погулять] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eddie: Let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Oxana: The first word we’ll look at is [Справа от]. |
| Eddie: Which literally means “on the right of”. If we leave out the [от] part, we’ll get a simple “on the right”. |
| Oxana:[Справа] |
| Eddie: We’ll talk a bit more about this word in our grammar section. The next word is? |
| Oxana: [Находиться] |
| Eddie: Which means “to be located” or “to be situated”. Just like in English, this word can be omitted most of the times. You wouldn’t say “There’s a bank located next to the store.”, would you? Same as Russian, it’s only in formal speeches, of introductions of some places. |
| Oxana: Or in the questions like “Where exactly is it located?” [Где конкретно это находится]. Just use it in the same situations like you’ll use it in English, whenever it feels suitable. |
| Eddie: Right! The next word is? |
| Oxana: [Знаменитый] |
| Eddie: “Famous”, “well known”. You can also make a noun from it and get a word for “celebrity”. |
| Oxana: [Знаменитость]. But in our case it’s [Знаменитый храм]. |
| Eddie:“A famous cathedral”. So famous, that John has heard about it, it’s tough history. |
| Oxana: He starts with [Я слушал], which is literally “I heard”. Then we have [у этого храма] which means “This cathedral has…” |
| Eddie: Without the actual word “has” - [есть]. As you might remember, there are a lot of cases where we can leave out [есть]. Mostly when we don’t have to emphasize whether it has or not, but rather focusing on what it has. |
| Oxana: Right! So, what does this cathedral has is [тяжёлая история]. |
| Eddie: Yes, “tough history”. The first time it was built in the middle of the 19th century as a memorial dedicated to the Russian victory over Napoleon. But in the 1930s by order of Stalin, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior was dynamited and reduced to rubble. |
| Oxana: Yes, that’s sad. Lots of places were destroyed like that only because they didn’t feed the ideology of social realism. |
| Eddie: But, luckily, with the end of the Soviet rule, the Russian Orthodox Church received permission to rebuild the cathedral. |
| Oxana: Right! So, John and Elena will get to see the new version of it. |
| Eddie: Enough of the history. Let’s get back to vocab. What does [тяжёлый] mean? |
| Oxana: Literally, it means “heavy”, like in “heavy bag”, but it can also mean “difficult”, “hard”, “grievous”. If you’re talking about such things as life, destiny or history, for example. |
| Eddie: I see! Obviously, the cathedral had a very sad history with a happy ending, though. The next word is? |
| Oxana: [Разрушить] |
| Eddie: Which means “to destroy’’. You can [разрушить] a building or even such fragile things as relationships. In our dialogue, it was: |
| Oxana: [Его разрушили]. It was destroyed the cathedral, I mean. |
| Eddie: Then we have a word which is already history, but still a very fresh one in everyone’s mind. You should definitely remember it. |
| Oxana: [Советский] |
| Eddie: Which literally means “Soviet”. Here are some useful expressions you might want to stick into a political debates. |
| Oxana: [Советский Союз] |
| Eddie: “Soviet Union”. And another one. |
| Oxana: [Советский Режим] |
| Eddie:Which is pretty obvious, “The Soviet Regime.” With these words, the conversation can get really heated, but Russians don’t mind political debates and never take them personally. You won’t offend them by bringing up any sticky details from their historical past. |
| Oxana: That’s right! I talk about it with you now, Eddy, but we have to move on. The next word was [времена]. |
| Eddie: It means “times” like in “good times”, for example. You remember the word for “time”? |
| Oxana: [Время] |
| Eddie: So, [времена] is just a plural form of [время]. [Советские времена] - “Soviet Times”. |
| Oxana: Then we had an interesting word [потом]. It has two meanings and both of them are used very frequently. The first one is “then”. |
| Eddie: Like in “Then she stood up.” and “Then she came up to me.” In the dialogue it was “First, they destroyed the cathedral and [потом] rebuilt it.” |
| Oxana: Right! And another meaning of this word is also met in our dialogue, the meaning “later”. |
| Eddie: Like in “I’ll tell you later.” |
| Oxana: If someone invites you to go somewhere, do something you’re not in the mood for, you can just say [давай потом], literally “Let’s later!”. You don’t have to specify the thing, as you both know what you’re talking about, simply say [давай потом]. |
| Eddie:The next word is another adverb. |
| Oxana: [опять] |
| Eddie:Which means “again”. |
| Oxana: [Эдди, ты опять здесь.] |
| Eddie: “What? You’re here again? What would you do without me?” |
| Oxana: Sorry, bad example. The next word was [строить]. |
| Eddie:Which means “to build”. The opposite of [разрушить]. |
| Oxana: But in the dialogue we heard it as [отстроить], with the prefix [от], which in this case means “rebuild”. |
| Eddie: The next word is a simple question: “Why?” |
| Oxana: [Почему? Почему его разрушили?] - “Why was it destroyed?” |
| Eddie: And just a couple of words left. One of them is? |
| Oxana: [Остановиться.] |
| Eddie:Literally, “to stop”. It’s a reflexive verb, it means that the action can only be performed by the object itself, not on the object. |
| Oxana: Yes, you can’t say [Я остановился машину] - “I stopped the car.”. In this case, you should [ся] and say [Я остановил машину]. But you can say [Машина остановилась] - “The car stopped.” |
| Eddie: Right! And in our case, John and Elena are going to stop themselves. No one else is going to stop them, so they use [остановиться]. |
| Oxana: Actually, you can also use this word when talking about a short stop at a hotel, like [Я остановился в отеле “Хаят”]. It just means a sure stop for several days. And the last word for today is [погулять]. |
| Eddie: Which literally means “to take a walk” or “to walk a little”. If we drop the prefix [по] it will just mean “to walk”. |
| Oxana: For example [Я люблю гулять]. |
| Eddie:“I like to walk.” |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eddie: Well, let’s take a look at the grammar. It will be something new for you today but not too difficult. |
| Oxana: Yes, we’ll learn about how to express the action that was performed by the indefinite persons. The example from the dialogue was [Его разрушили, а потом отстроили]. |
| Eddie: In English, we would translate it as “It was destroyed and then rebuilt again” using the passive voice. Russians use the passive voice far less than we do in English. The reason is that Russians prefer third person indefinite clauses like “they destroyed it and then rebuilt it” rather than the actual passive voice “it was destroyed and then rebuilt”. The former is more indefinite since in Russian the indefinite “they” may be omitted. [Его разрушили, а потом отстроили.] |
| Oxana: Right. So to express the action that was performed by someone unknown or when the action is actually more important than the people who performed it, you can just say the action which is a verb or phrase in the form suitable for the third person, plural, “they”. |
| Eddie: Yes, so put the verbs that represent the action into the third person, plural. Here are some examples. |
| Oxana: [Этот дом построили в прошлом году.] |
| Eddie: Literally “They built this house last year meaning “This house was built last year”. |
| Oxana: [Его избили на улице.] |
| Eddie: Literally “They beat him up on the street” meaning “He was beaten up on the street”. |
| Oxana: [Её повысили в должности.] |
| Eddie: Literally “They promoted her” meaning “She was promoted”. See? You don’t even need to learn the passive voice here. Just say “they did this and this”, omitting the actual pronoun “they” and you’ll get a piece of grammar that stands for the English passive voice. |
| Oxana: Wait, we have another little bit of grammar to discuss. |
| Eddie: But it will be the easy part, we’ll talk about direction again. We learned them before in lesson 23. Let’s review what we already know, Oxanna. |
| Oxana: [Прямо] |
| Eddie: Straight. |
| Oxana: [Направо] |
| Eddie: To the right. |
| Oxana: [Налево] |
| Eddie: To the left. |
| Oxana: [Правая сторона] |
| Eddie: Right side. |
| Oxana: [Левая сторона] |
| Eddie: Left side. |
| Oxana: [По правой стороне] |
| Eddie: On the right side. |
| Oxana: [По левой стороне] |
| Eddie: “On the left side.” Great, now we’ll add more phrases to enrich your vocabulary on locations and directions. |
| Oxana: Just two words, [справа] and [слева]. |
| Eddie: “On the right” and “on the left”. But very often they’re used with the preposition [от], which can be translated into English as “of” as in “on the right of”. |
| Oxana: Yes. [справа от] |
| Eddie: “On somebody’s right” or “something’s right” or “to the right of”. |
| Oxana: And [слева от]. |
| Eddie: “On somebody’s left” or “to the left of”. Here are some examples. |
| Oxana: [Справа от станции банк.] |
| Eddie: There is a back to the right of the station. |
| Oxana: [Он стоял слева от памятника.] |
| Eddie: “He was standing to the left of the monument.” So remember, when you want to say “on your left” or “on its right” and so on, name the position. |
| Oxana: [справа] or [слева]. |
| Eddie: Add the preposition. |
| Oxana: [От] |
| Eddie: And a noun in the genitive case. |
| Oxana: [станции/памятника] |
| Eddie: How would you say “on my right” or “on your left”, Oxanna? |
| Oxana: [Справа от меня/ слева от тебя] |
Outro |
| Eddie: That just about does it for today! Oxana, I’d like to share a study tip a listener shared with us. |
| Oxana: You’re talking about the student who uses just the conversation tracks to review the lessons! |
| Eddie: Oxana, you read my mind! Yes, a listener of ours listens to each lesson several times. |
| Oxana: Then afterwards gets the conversation only track from our site. |
| Eddie:She then listens to them on shuffle, again and again, she created her own immersion program using Russianpod101.com. |
| Oxana:This is a great idea! Please give it a try and let us know what you think. |
| Eddie: Ok! [До свидания.] |
| Oxana: [До новых встреч. Пока!] |
| Eddie:[Пока!] |
| DIALOGUE |
| Гид: [Справа от вас находится знаменитый храм Христа Спасителя.] |
| Guide: Sprava ot vas nahoditsa znamenityy hram Xrista spasitelya. |
| Джон: [Я слышал что у этого храма тяжелая история.] |
| John: Ya slyshal chto u etogo xrama tyazhelaya istoriya. |
| Елена: [Да, его разрушили в Советские времена, а пором опять отстроили.] |
| Elena: Da, ego razrushili v Sovetskie vremena, a potom opyat’ otstroili. |
| Джон: [А почему его разрушили?] |
| John: A pochemu ego razrushili? |
| Елена: [Я тебе потом расскажу. Посмотри налево.] |
| Elena: Ya tebe potom rasskazhu. Posmotri nalevo. |
| Джон: [О, как красиво. Мы можем здесь остановиться и погулять?] |
| John. O, kak krasivo. My mozhem zdes’ ostanovit’syq i pogulyat’? |
| Елена: [Я не знаю, давай спросим гида.] |
| Elena: Ya ne znayu, davay sprosim gida? |
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