Review what we learned in lessons 6 through 9, including using the instrumental case and forming comparatives
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eddie here: Beginner Series Season 2, Lesson 10 – My dad is a bank manager. Today, we won’t overload you with new things, but we’ll make sure you understood and remembered the last four lessons. |
| Oksana: There are two characters in our dialogue, a boy and a girl, talking about their parents. |
| Eddie: The kids are at that age when the boast about their parents, so I’ll play the boy and Oksana will play my little female friend. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Oksana: [Моя мама работает учительницей. А твой папа?] |
| Eddie: [Он работает менеджером в банке. Он получает больше, чем твоя мама. И еще у него крутой мобильник.] |
| Oksana: [Нехорошо хвастаться.] |
| Eddie: One time, slowly. |
| Oksana: [Еще раз, медленнее. Моя мама работает учительницей. А твой папа?] |
| Eddie: [Он работает менеджером в банке. Он получает больше, чем твоя мама. И еще у него крутой мобильник.] |
| Oksana: [Нехорошо хвастаться.] |
| Eddie: One time, natural native speed, with the translation. |
| Oksana: Еще раз,с переводом. Моя мама работает учительницей. А твой папа? |
| Eddie: My mom is a teacher. And your dad? |
| Oksana: Он работает менеджером в банке. Он получает больше, чем твоя мама. И еще у него крутой мобильник. |
| Eddie: He is a bank manager. He earns more than your mom and he has a cool cellphone too. |
| Oksana: Нехорошо хвастаться. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eddie: “It isn’t nice to boast.” And like all boys of that age, my character tries his best to show his superiority over a girl. |
| Oksana: Yeah, and I'm proud of my character. She seems like a smart girl. |
| Eddie: Ok, ok. But the boy teaches us way more useful vocabulary in the dialogue. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eddie: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Oksana: [Работать] |
| Eddie: To work. |
| Oksana: [Работать] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Учительница] |
| Eddie: Teacher - female. |
| Oksana: [Учительница] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Мама] |
| Eddie: Mom. |
| Oksana: [Мама] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Папа] |
| Eddie: Dad. |
| Oksana: [Папа] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Получать] |
| Eddie: To earn, get, receive. |
| Oksana: [Получать] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Больше] |
| Eddie: More, anymore, bigger. |
| Oksana: [Больше] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Еще] |
| Eddie: Yet, still, else, also, more. |
| Oksana: [Еще] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Хвастаться] |
| Eddie: To boast. |
| Oksana: [Хвастаться] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Крутой] |
| Eddie: Steep, sharp, cool. |
| Oksana: [Крутой] |
| Eddie: Next. |
| Oksana: [Мобильник] |
| Eddie: A mobile phone, cellphone. |
| Oksana: [Мобильник] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Eddie: Let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Oksana: Let’s start with the easy ones, [мама] and [папа]. I know there is no need to explain these words much. All I wanted to say is that there are more formal words for “mother” and “father” in Russian, but these two are universal and suitable for almost any occasion. |
| Eddie: Right. It’s totally ok to use them for your own parents and the parents of another person, even someone who’s not your close friend. The next word is… |
| Oksana: [учительница] |
| Eddie: Which means “teacher” and it’s used for females. How would you call a male teacher? |
| Oksana: [Учитель]. We have to drop the ending [-ница] here. |
| Eddie: Another thing worth mentioning is that we only use [учитель] and [учительница] for talking about school teachers. University teachers are called… |
| Oksana: [Преподаватель] if it’s a man and [преподавательница] if it’s a woman. |
| Eddie: We learned before that a simple grammar structure to tell someone your profession is [я] plus the profession itself, but in this dialogue we use more complicated grammar. To work as someone. |
| Oksana: And this word “to work” is [работать] in Russian. [Работать учительницей.] |
| Eddie: “To work as a teacher.” So the girl’s mother is a teacher. What about the boy’s dad? What does he do? |
| Oksana: [Он - менеджер] or [Он работает менеджером.] |
| Eddie: And if I talk about myself I should say [Я работаю.], right? |
| Oksana: That’s right. Now tell me that you’re a teacher. |
| Eddie: [Я работаю учителем.] |
| Oksana: Great, but we haven’t finished with the boy’s dad. [Он работает в банке.] |
| Eddie: In the bank, [в банке]. The dictionary form of the word “bank” is… |
| Oksana: [Банк], easy as that. |
| Eddie: And then the real bragging starts. The word “to earn is mentioned. |
| Oksana: [Получать], actually the primary meaning of this word is “to receive” as in receive a letter, for example. But it’s become the most common word to say “earning” or “receiving a salary” so [Он получает], “he earns”. |
| Eddie: And if I want to brag about my salary? |
| Oksana: Well, if you really want people to know about your income, you should say [Я получаю] and then the amount of money. Do you want to tell me? |
| Eddie: No, I’ll save the phrase for later in case I meet a girl who’d buy my bragging. |
| Oksana: Good luck with that. And the next word is [больше], which means “more”. |
| Eddie: It’s useful to learn it together with the word [чем], [больше чем] which means “more than”, in our case it’s “more than your mom”. |
| Oksana: [Больше, чем твоя мама] |
| Eddie: Next we heard… |
| Oksana: [И еще] which literally means “and more”. We can use [еще] in such simple sentence as [Еще чая, пожалуйста], “Some more tea, please”. |
| Eddie: But in the dialogue, we can translate it as “and once more” or “moreover”. |
| Oksana: Then we have a phrase [у него], “he has”. Do you remember how to say “I have”? I’ll remind you. [У меня] or [У меня есть]. |
| Eddie: Right. And what does the boy’s father have besides being a manager in a bank? |
| Oksana: [У него крутой мобильник.] |
| Eddie: [Мобильник] is a slang word for “cellphone” and comes from [мобильный телефон] and [крутой] is another common slang word for “cool”. So altogether we have a “cool cellphone”. |
| Oksana: Yes, [крутой мобильник]. But, Eddie, [не хорошо хвастаться!]. |
| Eddie: I know, it’s not good to boast, but it felt kind of nice to say how much I earn. Ok, let’s get to the grammar point before I start showing off again. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Oksana: Today we have four points we must focus on. First, the instrumental case. |
| Eddie: We already learned it in the previous lesson, so it will be a piece of cake for us. |
| Oksana: I hope so. In the dialogue, we heard two words used in the instrumental case, [учительницей] and [менеджером]. |
| Eddie: Very logical name for this case because we use it to talk about instruments which help us to carry out actions. |
| Oksana: But in our dialogue, we talk about the professions, the jobs, where the instrumental comes in handy. |
| Eddie: So, in English, it would sound like “I work as a teacher”, but in Russian we don’t need to preposition “as”. Instead, we change the ending of the noun, the profession itself. |
| Oksana: [Учительницей, врачом, менеджером] |
| Eddie: So, whatever you do in Russia, you’re an instrument, right? You serve as a tool at work, therefore you’re put into the instrumental case when being talked about. |
| Oksana: Right. |
| Eddie: The only thing you should remember is that the endings are not the same for feminine and masculine genders. Feminine nouns usually end with [ой] or [ей]. And masculine end with [ом] or [ем]. |
| Eddie: We’ll remember that. The next grammar point we’ll talk about is the prepositional case. Another familiar case to you. |
| Oksana: That’s right. The example of this case in our dialogue was [в банке], “in the bank”. |
| Eddie: The case is called prepositional because it’s used with the prepositions when other cases only change the endings of the nouns. |
| Oksana: The main function of the prepositional case is to indicate location and the ending in the prepositional case is alway [ е] no matter if the noun is masculine or feminine. [В банке] |
| Eddie: In the bank. |
| Oksana: [В магазине] |
| Eddie: In the shop. |
| Oksana: [В доме] |
| Eddie: “In the house”. The third thing to review today is how to build comparatives. In today’s dialogue, we made it with the help of the words “more than”. |
| Oksana: [Больше, чем]. To substitute the word “more” with another adjective, you should do the following. Drop the ending of the adjective and add [ее]. For example, [длинный]. |
| Eddie: Long. |
| Oksana: And it becomes [длиннее]. |
| Eddie: Longer. |
| Oksana: [опасный] |
| Eddie: Dangerous. |
| Oksana: Becomes [опаснее] |
| Eddie: More dangerous. |
| Oksana: [умный] |
| Eddie: Intelligent. |
| Oksana: Becomes [умнее]. |
| Eddie: “More intelligent”. Of course, just as in English, there are exceptions. For example… |
| Oksana: [Большой] |
| Eddie: Big. |
| Oksana: Which becomes [больше]. |
| Eddie: Bigger. |
| Oksana: [Хороший] |
| Eddie: Good. |
| Oksana: And it becomes [лучше]. |
| Eddie: Better. |
| Oksana: [Плохой] |
| Eddie: Bad. |
| Oksana: Which becomes [хуже]. |
| Eddie: “Worse”. And finally the last grammar point for today, and that will be reflexive verbs. We mainly use reflexive verbs to show that the subject performs an action on himself and not on someone else. |
| Oksana: For example [мыться], “to wash oneself”. |
| Eddie: Reflexive verbs always have “self” in the English translation. |
| Oksana: Yes, but in Russian, if an action is meant to be performed on yourself, even if it isn’t translated with the word “self” in English, you should use the reflexive form of the verb. We form the reflexive verbs with the help of the ending [ся]. To conjugate a reflexive verb, you need to drop [ся] then conjugate it according to the usual rules. |
| Eddie: So much theory. Give us some example, Oksana. |
| Oksana: Ok, for example, [Я просыпаюсь]. |
| Eddie: I wake up. |
| Oksana: [Марина ударилась] |
| Eddie: “Marina’s hurt herself.” That just about does it for today. |
Outro |
| Oksana: Ready to test what you just learned? |
| Eddie: Make this lesson’s vocabulary stick by using lesson specific flash card in the Learning Center. |
| Oksana: There is a reason everyone uses flash cards. |
| Eddie: They work. |
| Oksana: They really do help memorization. |
| Eddie: You can get the flash cards for this lesson at… |
| Oksana: RussianPod101.com. |
| Eddie: Ok. |
| Oksana: [До встречи] |
| Eddie: See you next time. |
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