Learn how to change a Russian phrase into another case
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Natalia: Здравствуйте, с Вами Natalia. |
| Yura: I'm Yura and you're listening to Absolute Beginner Season 1, Lesson 24, Will you Enjoy your Last Days in Moscow? |
| Natalia: Yura, what is this lesson about? |
| Yura: In this lesson, you will learn about dative case in Russian. |
| Natalia: This conversation takes place in a café. |
| Yura: The conversation is between Ben and Nika, our favorite friends. |
| Natalia: The speakers are close friends therefore they will be speaking informal Russian. |
| Yura: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUES |
| Natalia: Ты скоро уедешь... |
| Yura: Да, я буду скучать по Москве. |
| Natalia: А я буду скучать по тебе. |
| Yura: Я буду тебе писать и звонить. |
| Natalia: Хорошо. Ты ещё приедешь? |
| Yura: Может, ты ко мне приедешь? |
| Natalia: Я подумаю. |
| Yura: Okay, let's do that one more time slowly. |
| Natalia: Ты скоро уедешь... |
| Yura: Да, я буду скучать по Москве. |
| Natalia: А я буду скучать по тебе. |
| Yura: Я буду тебе писать и звонить. |
| Natalia: Хорошо. Ты ещё приедешь? |
| Yura: Может, ты ко мне приедешь? |
| Natalia: Я подумаю. |
| Yura: Okay, one more time with natural native speed with the translation. |
| Natalia: Ты скоро уедешь... |
| Yura: You will leave soon. |
| Natalia: Да, я буду скучать по Москве. |
| Yura: Yes, I will miss Moscow. |
| Natalia: А я буду скучать по тебе. |
| Yura: And I will miss you. |
| Natalia: Я буду тебе писать и звонить. |
| Yura: I will write and call you. |
| Natalia: Хорошо. Ты ещё приедешь? |
| Yura: Okay. Will you come again? |
| Natalia: Может, ты ко мне приедешь? |
| Yura: Maybe you'll come visit me? |
| Natalia: Я подумаю. |
| Yura: I'll think about it. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eddie:Sounds like their last day together. |
| RusHost:Yeah, and apparently they've gotten pretty attached to each other and parting will be a bit difficult. |
| Eddie:Well, maybe next time we will see both of them in America! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Sounds like the last day together. |
| Natalia: Yeah. And apparently, they've gotten pretty attached to each other and parting will be a bit difficult. |
| Yura: Well, maybe next time, we will see both of them in America. Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we have… |
| Natalia: скучать |
| Yura: To miss. |
| Natalia: скучать |
| Yura: And the next word. |
| Natalia: писать |
| Yura: To write. |
| Natalia: писать |
| Yura: And the next word. |
| Natalia: звонить |
| Yura: To call, to phone, to ring. |
| Natalia: звонить |
| Yura: And the next word is… |
| Natalia: приехать |
| Yura: To arrive, to come by transport. |
| Natalia: приехать |
| Yura: And the next word. |
| Natalia: уехать |
| Yura: To leave, to go away by transport. |
| Natalia: уехать |
| Yura: And the next word. |
| Natalia: думать |
| Yura: To think. |
| Natalia: думать |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Yura: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Natalia: And the first word we'll look at is "скучать", which is to miss. |
| Yura: In the dialogue, we heard this word in the future tense – я буду скучать, I will miss. Well, the verb "скучать" itself didn't change. All we did is use the verb to be "быть", in the future tense. And then "скучать" in its infinitive form. |
| Natalia: Right. But when you use it in the present tense like, I miss somebody, you must conjugate the verb "скучать" according to the person. Let's do it right now. Я скучаю |
| Yura: I miss. |
| Natalia: Ты скучаешь |
| Yura: You miss. |
| Natalia: Он, она скучает |
| Yura: He misses. |
| Natalia: Он, она скучает |
| Yura: She misses. |
| Natalia: Мы скучаем |
| Yura: We miss. |
| Natalia: Вы скучаете |
| Yura: You miss. |
| Natalia: Они скучают |
| Yura: They miss. Great. But the phrase, I miss, for example, requires an object. You usually miss something or somebody, right? |
| Natalia: Yes. But you should know that that object that you miss should be put into the dative case first. Moreover, you should put the preposition "по" between the word and the object that is missed. |
| Yura: I don't even know how to translate this preposition. I don't even know how to translate this preposition and I don't think we should. Just remember that the phrase, to miss somebody, works according to the formula "скучать" conjugate according to a person plus "по" plus the object that is actually missed in the dative case. |
| Natalia: Right. Let me remind you how to put the nouns into the dative case. For masculine nouns, most times, all you have to do is just add "-у" to the word. So "город"-"city", for example, becomes "городу". Feminine nouns usually end in "e". So for example, "Москва" Moscow becomes "Москве". |
| Yura: And a reminder for neuter and plural nouns, you can find in our PDF materials. Better let's take a look at the examples with the word "скучать". |
| Natalia: Okay. Here they are, Я скучаю по университету |
| Yura: I miss university. |
| Natalia: Ты скучаешь по Лене? |
| Yura: Do you miss Llana? As you could hear, the masculine nouns "университет" ended in "u" and feminine name Llana ended in "е". |
| Natalia: Right. Next, let's go back a step and take a look at the word "уедешь", which means, you will leave. The infinitive form of "уедешь" is "уехать", to leave. |
| Yura: In the previous lessons, we learned that one prefix can completely change the meaning of the word by adding the prefixes вы-" and "про-" to the word "иргать", to play, we turn it first in to win and then to lose. |
| Natalia: Right. And the verb "уехать", to leave is actually form by adding "-у" to the word "ехать", to go. |
| Yura: Later in the dialogue, we hear the verb "приехать", which is to come. Well, just like the word "уехать", "приехать" is formed by adding the prefix "пре-" to the verb "ехать", to go. |
| Natalia: So, as you can hear, verbs of motion in Russian are form by adding prefixes to the main verb, to go. |
| Yura: Adding prefixes does not reflect in the conjugation of these verbs. As soon as you learn the conjugation for, to go, you can play with the prefixes and change the meaning of, to go dramatically. |
| Natalia: Yes. We've just explained to you the meaning of the prefixes "у-" and "пре-" in combination with the verb "ехать", to go by transport. But don't forget that there is another verb for, to go, in Russian which is "идти", and it means to go on foot. |
| Yura: The good thing is you can as easily change its meaning with the help of the prefixes as we did with "ехать". The prefixes are the same. |
| Natalia: So "идти" plus the prefix "у-" will give us "уйти", to leave or to go away and "идти" plus the prefix "при-" gives us "прийти", which is to come. And all these new variations indicate motion on foot. |
| Yura: Right. And the interesting thing is these prefixes also put the verbs into the future tense. So even though you conjugate them in the present tense, they're used to express the future. We'll talk about it more in our grammar part. What's up with that words? |
| Natalia: Well, we have only three left. The first two are easy, "писать" and "звонить" |
| Yura: Which are to write and to call. Don't forget to put the person you are writing or calling to into the dative case. |
| Natalia: Right. Because when you're giving something like a call or a letter, you should put the receiver into the dative case. For example, Я звоню другу, I call to my friend, where friend is obviously the receiver, therefore he goes into the dative case. |
| Yura: Yes. And the last word would be? |
| Natalia: Подумать. |
| Yura: "Подумать" comes from the word "думать", to think, and the prefix "по-" gives it a meaning of completed action like, I'll give it a thought, instead of, I will be thinking about it. |
| Natalia: Right. It also puts our verbs "думать" into the future tense. Let's talk about it more in the grammar part. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Yura: You already know that Russian future tense could be formed in two ways, simple and compound. In today's dialogue, we came across the words and phrases in the future tense both in simple and complex forms. |
| Natalia: First, let's start with the simple verbs уедешь |
| Yura: You will leave. |
| Natalia: приедешь |
| Yura: You will come. |
| Natalia: подумаю |
| Yura: I will think. This group of verbs is conjugated according to a person in the present tense, but put into the future tense by adding prefixes "у", "при" and "по" to the words. |
| Natalia: The verbs in the future tense that are form by means of prefixes and conjugated according to the person in the present tense expressed completed actions in the future like, I will have done something, rather than, I will be doing something. |
| Yura: Right. Now, let's take a look at the verbs in the future tense that will form in the complex way which means with the help of the verb "быть", to be, in the future tense. |
| Natalia: Here they are, буду скучать |
| Yura: Will miss, will be missing. |
| Natalia: буду писать и звонить |
| Yura: Will write and call, will be writing and calling. So again, these phrases are formed with the help of the verb "быть", to be, in the future tense conjugated according to the person plus infinitive. These expressions indicate an incomplete ongoing action in the future. The conjugations of the word "быть" were given in lesson 15. |
| Natalia: Right. So the verbs in the future tense that are formed by means of prefixes and conjugated in the present tense indicate complete actions and the verbs that used in their infinitive forms but have the verb, to be, in the future tense expressed ongoing or habitual action in the future. |
| Yura: Let's compare once again. |
| Natalia: Я буду писать |
| Yura: I will write. Here, we have the word will conjugated according to the first person, I, and then infinitive of the word, to write "писать". What does it tell us? It tells us that I will be writing something continuously or I will be writing regularly. To give us the same phrase, I will write, but simple way. |
| Natalia: Я напишу. |
| Yura: As you can hear, the verb has a prefix now which is "на-", and it's conjugated according to the first person in the present tense "напишу" and this phrase indicates that I will definitely write something or I will have written something. It indicates that my writing will definitely be completed in the future. |
| Natalia: You can also take it as a one-time action that has a beginning and a definite ending. |
| Yura: That just about does it for this lesson. |
| Yura: Listen to the dialogue lesson recap. |
| Natalia: These audio tracks only contain the target lesson dialogue. |
| Yura: So you can quickly recap a lesson. |
| Natalia: Spend a few minutes learning on days when you don't have time to study for lesson. |
| Yura: The audio tracks are just a few minutes long. |
| Natalia: But you'll still pick up key Russian phrases along the way. |
| Yura: Go to RussianPod101.com. |
| Natalia: And listen to this lesson's dialogue only audio track. |
Outro |
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| Yura:Bye. |
| Natalia:Bye. |
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